What is thyroid cancer?

1. 1 What is Thyroid Cancer? Thyroid cancer is a form of cancer that begins in the tissues of the thyroid gland. The major thyroid cancer types are differentiated (including Hürthle's papillary, follicular and papillary), medullary, anaplastic (aggressive form). Thyroid gland an endocrine gland in the neck, releases hormones that help control metabolism, heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. Most thyroid cancers are differentiated cancers and when they are observed in lab, the cells in these cancers appear a lot like normal thyroid tissue. Papillary cancer, also termed papillary carcinomas or papillary adenocarcinomas occurs in about 8 out of 10 thyroid cancers. These cancers appear to grow very slowly and typically arise in the thyroid gland in only one lobe. Papillary cancers also spread to the lymph nodes in the neck even though they develop slowly. A few subtypes of papillary cancer are present. Of these, the most common is the follicular subtype (also called the mixed papillary-follicular variant). Follicular cancer, also called follicular carcinoma or follicular adenocarcinoma, is the second most prevalent type, which makes up around 1 out of 10 thyroid cancers. In countries where individuals do not get enough iodine in their diet, it is more normal. Typically, these cancers may not spread to lymph nodes but can spread to other areas of the body, such as the lungs or bones. Hürthle (Hurthle) cell cancer (also called oxyphil cell carcinoma) accounts for around 3% of thyroid cancers. It is more difficult to find and to handle. Thyroid cancer can cause any of the following signs or symptoms: a lump in the neck, sometimes growing quickly along with swelling in the neck, pain in the front of the neck, trouble swallowing, etc. The diagnosis procedure incorporates analyzing the medical history along with conducting a physical exam such as imaging tests, biopsy, blood tests, and vocal cord exam, also known as (laryngoscopy). The Thyroid Cancer treatment pattern includes Radiation therapy, Hormonal therapy, Chemotherapy, Targeted drug therapy, and Surgery. Source:- Thyroid Cancer Epidemiology

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