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The Red Scare: American Fears and Labor Strikes in the Republican Decade

Chapter 21 examines the Red Scare during the Republican decade when many Americans viewed communism as a direct threat to their values. With government ownership of land and property, a single-party system, and the prioritization of state needs over individual rights, Americans grew wary of Soviet intentions. Labor strikes, notably the Boston Police Strike and the steel and coal disputes, were fueled by tensions as companies replaced striking workers, leading to civil unrest. The chapter also explores how immigrants were perceived as potential communists amid widespread patriotic sentiment, impacting foreign policy and domestic tranquility.

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The Red Scare: American Fears and Labor Strikes in the Republican Decade

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  1. Politics and Prosperity! Chapter 21

  2. A Republican Decade Section 1

  3. RED SCARE • Many Americans consider communism a threat to their values • Communism meant: • Govt. owned all land and property • One party controlled all • Needs of country was priority over individual rights

  4. American Fears • Am. Feared Russia’s intent to spread communism • They already distrusted European’s b/c of WWI • Americans called for communists to be jailed

  5. Schenck v. U.S • Broke Espionage Act by telling people not to report to duty after being drafted • Court decided they could take away rights of free speech when there is a “clear and present danger” • Should you be able to scream “fire” in a crowded theater?

  6. Labor Strikes Boston Police (1919) Steel and Coal Over 350,000 strike for shorter work weeks Company brings in African American workers to replace strikers The original workers return • Not allowed to have unions • Strike once 19 officers are fired for union activity • Riots break out

  7. Foreign Policy • Disarmament • Reduce the amount of weapons and military sizes in the world • At the same time would allow the U.S to trade with other nations

  8. Natives v. Immigrants • Patriotism • Immigrants were not as loyal • Religion • Immigrants were catholic; native protestant • Urban Conditions • Slums were results of immigrants • Jobs • Immigrants took American jobs • Red Scare • Immigrants may become communist

  9. Coolidge Presidency • Wanted peace and stability • Kellogg – Briand Act • 15 nations pledge not to use threat of war when dealing with one another • 60 nations join, but by 1941 most are at war

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