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Learn how an NPN transistor operates with a hands-on circuit experiment using common electronic components to understand its functionality. Follow the step-by-step guide for a practical learning experience.
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How an NPN Transistor Works Collector NPN 2N3904 Base Emitter The flat side faces up
Take Inventory of your Parts You will need the following parts from your kit: Breadboard 220 ohms resistor (red, red, brown, gold) 3300 ohms resistor (orange, orange, red, gold) NPN Transistor 2 @ LED (light emitting diode) 9 volt battery lead 3 wires 9 volt battery Pushbutton switch
Build the Circuit 220 Ohm collector base 3.3K Ohm emitter + 9 volts - Use this schematic to construct the experiment. Quick Check: Your circuit should like this one.
Do the Experiment Connect the 9 volt battery. Observe the brightness of the LED’s. Press the pushbutton switch. Observe and compare the brightness of the LED’s. Release the pushbutton, both LED’s should turn off. • Troubleshooting: • If the LED’s do not light up, check to make sure they in correctly. • Check the battery. Does it have voltage? • Are there any breaks in the circuit? • Is the NPN in the right way?