1 / 42

Research Rescue Lab

Making Y our Literature Review Sing Argumentation & Syllogism Summation & Citation Overview of the Literature Review. Research Rescue Lab. Argumentation & Syllogism. Argumentation & Syllogism. Academic arguments string together like a theory If A + B + C, then D = E

yoland
Télécharger la présentation

Research Rescue Lab

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Making Your Literature Review SingArgumentation & SyllogismSummation & CitationOverview of the Literature Review Research Rescue Lab

  2. Argumentation & Syllogism Business and Graduate Studies

  3. Argumentation & Syllogism • Academic arguments string together like a theory • If A + B + C, then D = E • Discuss factors or variables in order to lead to your point or conclusions • But you must start by introducing and giving background • Consider this pattern of syllogism Business and Graduate Studies

  4. Argumentation & Syllogism • Syllogism • Main point • Minor point • Conclusion • Or • General context • Specific context • Statement of the problem Business and Graduate Studies

  5. Argumentation & Syllogism • General context • Historical and background information • Specific context • Transition from the general context to the context the research problem exists within • Statement of the problem • A concise statement of the general research problem Business and Graduate Studies

  6. Argumentation & Syllogism • A guideline • General context • 1 - 3 paragraphs • Specific context • 2 - 4 paragraphs • Statement of the problem • 1 paragraph • Overall • No more than 6 – 8 paragraphs • You will condense this into the preamble for your Introduction chapter Business and Graduate Studies

  7. Summation & Citation Business and Graduate Studies

  8. Literature Review • Let’s review some examples • See the examples from Prof. Glenn Steinberg’s Rhetoric II course at The College of New Jersey • http://gsteinbe.intrasun.tcnj.edu/tcnj/vita.html • The examples • http://gsteinbe.intrasun.tcnj.edu/tcnj/rhetoric2/litreviews.htm • See the handouts Business and Graduate Studies

  9. Literature Review • Items to note in these introductory paragraphs (the preamble or preface) • The paragraphs are inclusive of one set of issues and the related review literature as a group and not individually • There is a logical flow to the way they are introduced • Which supports the argument Business and Graduate Studies

  10. Literature Review • Items to note in these introductory paragraphs (the preamble or preface) • Consider these examples of how to introduce your topic and the related issues or factors • These are examples of the general context of your pattern of syllogism • Note the meta-citations • Instances of more than one study cited • Then become more specific regarding the studies and the authors in the sections and subsections, which follow Business and Graduate Studies

  11. Questions? Business and Graduate Studies

  12. Overview of the Literature Review Business and Graduate Studies

  13. Research Paper Writing • In a research project you will develop and express three masteries • 1. Your topic • The academic and practitioner viewpoints, issues, & controversies • Expressed in the Literature Review Business and Graduate Studies

  14. Research Paper Writing • In a research project you will develop and express three masteries • 2. Your research method • Rigor, reliability, validity, replicability in the research design and data collection • Expressed in the Research Methods Business and Graduate Studies

  15. Research Paper Writing • In a research project you will develop and express three masteries • 3. Your understanding of the data (evidence) • What is present • What does it infer • What conclusions and or implications might be derived from the data • Expressed in your Data Analysis (Results or Findings) Business and Graduate Studies

  16. Research Paper Writing • It is a process from start to finish • And it is all integrated • The topic of your inquiry leads to the discussion Business and Graduate Studies

  17. The Research Topic • Topic of Inquiry • Investigate an interesting topic related to your career field • Think of this as the overarching question that motivates your research • Does transformational leadership in the federal government agencies provide opportunities for advancement for Gen Y African American women? • Does the use of social media facilitate better workplace relationships as expressed in reduced conflict and increased productivity? Business and Graduate Studies

  18. The Research Topic • Topic of Inquiry • Discuss this topic of inquiry with your advisor, program chair, and instructors! • Watch and listen for clues that might help you focus your topic • Search intensively in the Trinity library databases, your textbooks, and other reliable resources Business and Graduate Studies

  19. Literature Survey • Ground yourself in the scholarly fields and practitioner issues related to your inquiry • The more you read and the more diverse your readings, the better informed you will be • This stage is very important! • You are mastering your topic of inquiry • Begin developing an annotated bibliography of the material you are collecting • Organize it into logical groupings – categoriesandsubcategories • Start to organize these into the outline of a narrative • Save resources as files • Sorted by categories and subcategories from above Business and Graduate Studies

  20. Annotated Bibliography • APA 6th ed. Reference • Followed by a paragraph or two, which • Answers your questions • What is the purpose? • What results or conclusions did the author find or come to? • What way is this useful to your study? • Are there key items and passages you might use? • Note the page or section, paragraph references • Sort these entries by theme or variable • See Lester, J. & Lester J. (2012). Chpt 8, f-g. Business and Graduate Studies

  21. Literature Survey • Selecting materials for the literature review • For ideas • Start with broad syntheses (such as) if you are new to the topic • Textbooks, web search, Wikipedia, trade publications • For reference sources • Use the online data bases search for journal articles • Best source for research reports and scholarly discussion • Look for articles that offer a meta-analysis • And foundational scholars and authors • Search for related dissertations • Then examine conference papers, reports, and trade journals, Creswell (2013) Business and Graduate Studies

  22. Literature Survey • Creswell (2013) suggests • Identify key words • Search library catalogs • Identify about 20 or more research reports in articles or books • Save those that are central to your topic • Use a logical system of folders for your variables or factors • Design a literature map • Draft summaries of the relevant articles • Annotated Bibliography • Organize or outline the literature review by important concepts • Review and write Business and Graduate Studies

  23. Literature Map • Model your working theory • Start with a literature map • Helps to visualize the order of the Literature Review and the related sections and sub sections • Might suffice as a model of the qualitative theoretical construct Business and Graduate Studies

  24. Literature Review • First thing to remember: • It is a story • Use a narrative or prosaic style • Without hyperbole or overstatement • Second • It has an intended audience • Your peers • The academic community Business and Graduate Studies

  25. Literature Review • Third • It has a purpose • Is many fold • Set the background and context your research problem exist within • Informs the audience • Expresses your mastery of the literature, research, and conversation involving your research problem • Supports the need for studying your research topic and questions Business and Graduate Studies

  26. Literature Review • According to Creswell (2013) the literature review • Shares the results of other studies • Relates the study to the larger dialogue in the literature • Provides a framework for establishing the importance of the study • Provides a benchmark for comparing the results to other findings Business and Graduate Studies

  27. Literature Review • Styles of literature review • Thematic • Narrative • By variable or factor • Historical • Time line from earliest knowledge or sources to present Business and Graduate Studies

  28. Literature Review • Traits of a successful literature review • Comprehensive • Expresses the breadth of issues, concerns, topics, themes • Inclusive of historical sources and current conversations or dialogues • Detailed • Discusses the issues, concerns, topics, or themes, but not so that it is exhaustive and unwieldy Business and Graduate Studies

  29. Literature Review • Let’s look at the differences between the reviews styles of the three research methodologies • Quantitative • Qualitative • Mixed-methods Business and Graduate Studies

  30. Literature Review • Quantitative studies use literature to • Provide direction to the research questions and hypotheses • Introduce a problem • Introduce a theory • Compare results with existing literature or predictions • Cover all variables • End with a theoretical framework Business and Graduate Studies

  31. Literature Review • Quantitative literature reviews, a suggested model • Develop the argument and the statement of the problem • Discuss the structure of the review and the organization of the sections • Review literature about the dependent variables • Review literature about the independent variables • Review literature that relates the independent variables to the dependent variables Business and Graduate Studies

  32. Literature Review • Quantitative literature reviews, a suggested model • Review related research • Those who have examined your problem or similar problems • Provide a summary • Highlight important studies • Capture major themes • Suggest why more research is needed • Advances how the proposed study will fill this need • Introduce your model and define the variables Business and Graduate Studies

  33. Literature Review • Theoretical Framework • Model your working theory • Quantitative • Define concisely the outcome or end state and all probable variables • Dependent variable • Independent variables • Moderating variables • Qualify how your study can be generalized Business and Graduate Studies

  34. Literature Review • Quantitative theoretical framework • Always in this format • Try to start this before you write Business and Graduate Studies

  35. Literature Review • Qualitative studies use literature to • Introduce the problem or issue • Describe an orienting framework (but not set the direction) • Sections are developed to explore all related factors and constructs • Compare and contrast findings • End with a theoretical construct Business and Graduate Studies

  36. Literature Review • Qualitative literature reviews, a suggested model • Discuss the argument and the statement of the problem(preamble) • Discuss the structure of the review and the organization of the sections Review literature about the topic and research problem • Review literature about the related factors suggested from the step above Business and Graduate Studies

  37. Literature Review • Qualitative literature reviews, a suggested model • Review related research • Those who have examined your problem or similar problems • Provide a summary • Highlight important studies • Capture major themes • Suggest why more research is needed • Advances how the proposed study will fill this need • Introduce your model Business and Graduate Studies

  38. Literature Review • Qualitative theoretical construct • Model your working theory • Phenomena or ideal state • Related factors • Is it a process, relationship • Can it be represented in a hierarchy or a cycle, or a storyline? Business and Graduate Studies

  39. Literature Review • Qualitative theoretical construct • Model your working theory • Qualitative Business and Graduate Studies

  40. Literature Review • Mixed methods studies • Are the constructs under investigation different in each section of the research method? • No = Quantitative pattern • End with a theoretical framework • Yes = Modified format • Lead with either a quantitative or qualitative approach • Follow the pattern of how you will resent the methods in the Research Methods chapter and the Data Analysis chapter • Quantitative to qualitative or vice versa • End with a theoretical framework or construct • Or both Business and Graduate Studies

  41. Literature Review • Let’s correct and edit a sample • This is an example of something tossed together to meet the deadline • Rather than thought out and written at the level expected • See the handout and the rubric • Look at grammar & style, formatting, and citation style Business and Graduate Studies

  42. Questions? Business and Graduate Studies

More Related