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The PermaSense Project

The PermaSense Project aims to monitor permafrost conditions and rock wall instabilities in the Alps using innovative wireless sensor technology. This interdisciplinary collaboration between geo-science and engineering provides valuable data for understanding natural hazards and climate change impacts. Follow our research journey into the harsh mountain environments to uncover crucial scientific insights.

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The PermaSense Project

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  1. The PermaSense Project Computer Engineering and Networks Lab, ETH Zurich Geography Department, University of Zurich Department of Computer Science, University of Basel

  2. PermaSense - Aims and Vision • Interdisciplinary geo-science and engineering collaboration • Long-term high-quality sensing in harsh environments • Better quality data, obtained online • Measurements that have previously been impossible • Enabling new science, answering fundamental questions related to decision making, natural hazard early-warning • Project started in 2006 • Funded by Swiss National Science Foundation, Federal Office of the Environment and others

  3. What is Permafrost? • Permafrost is rock, ground and debris frozen throughout the whole year • Permafrost is not visible • In summer permafrost thaws at the surface

  4. Investigating Instabilities in Steep Rock Walls • When are vertical rock walls getting instable? • When is rockfall happening? • What are its causes? • What are the effects of climate change? • How does this influenceour environment and habitat in the Alps?

  5. Understanding Root Causes of Catastrophes Rockfall at the Eiger in sommer 2006, Video courtesy of Arte Television

  6. Our patient does not fit into a laboratory

  7. So the laboratory has to go on the mountain

  8. Our Field Sites on Jungfraujoch and the Matterhorn

  9. The Matterhorn station at 3500 m in deep winter snow

  10. Perched high above the valley on a rocky ridge

  11. At the core - Wireless sensors tough to withstand the elements

  12. Based on Recent Research Results • Shockfish TinyNode584 • MSP430, 16-bit, 8MHz, 10k SRAM, 48k Flash • LP Radio: XE1205 @ 868 MHz • Dozer - ultra low-power data gathering system • Beacon based, 1-hop synchronized TDMA • Optimized for ultra-low duty cycles • 0.167% duty-cycle  0.032mA [Burri – IPSN2007] Contention window Data transfer Beacon Application processing window jitter time slot 2 slot k slot 1

  13. Specialized Low-Power Electronics in a Rugged Enclosure

  14. The sensors are installed in steep rock and ice walls

  15. A base station collects and relays the data to the valley

  16. Access with the helicopter is often spectacular

  17. The field work requires alpinist skills

  18. Understanding How Ice and Water Behaves in Rock Cracks

  19. Is Solid Ice in Fissures Acting as Glue or as a Lubricant?

  20. First Measurements are Converted to Scientific Results • Temperatures influence crack movement • Moisture saturation processes in freezing and thawing Temperature [°C] Craqck dilatation [mm] Resistance [MOhm] Temperature [°C] Temperature [°C] Crack dilatation [mm]

  21. A workplacewith a view

  22. PermaSense - An Interdisciplinary Team • ETH Zurich • Computer Engineering and Networks Lab • University of Zurich • Department of Geography • University of Basel • Department Computer Science

  23. Interested in more? http://www.permasense.ch

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