1. Traits Mrs. Gonzales’ Class

2. Hand Trait Try folding your two hands together interweaving your fingers. Which thumb do you naturally place on top, right or left? One way will, naturally, just feel wrong. Believe it or not, the placement that feels natural to you is because of genes you inherited. You were born that way; its not something you learned.

3. Two Types of Traits Learned Traits Traits that you have to be taught or can learn to do with practice. Babies aren’t born with these traits. Inherited Traits Traits that you are born with and either have or don’t have. Passed down from parents to their children.

4. Learned or Inherited? 

5. Learned Trait! Click Back

6. Inherited Trait! Click Back

7. How We Inherit Traits • Physical traits are passed on from your parents to you through genes. • Alleles are variations of a gene. Humans get one set of their alleles (genes) from one parent and the other set of alleles from the other parent. • Some of the traits that we have are based on simple inheritance where one version of a gene (dominant gene) masks the expression of the other version of that gene (recessive gene). • Gene allele variations are written as letter symbols. • Dominate genes are written as uppercase letters and recessive traits are written as lower case, sometimes underlined letters.

8. How Your Genes Mix! With simple inheritance, there are only dominate and recessive traits which can mix in three ways… Dominate Gene + DominateGene= Shows Dominate Trait Dominate Gene + Recessive Gene= Shows Dominate Trait RecessiveGene + RecessiveGene= Shows RecessiveTrait

9. How To Predict A Mix! • To predict possible traits of children, we create punnett squares to see how parents genes can cross. • The parent generation is referred to as the P generation and the possible children are referred to as the F1 generation. • To predict the probability of traits in offspring we calculate the percentage of traits appearing in the F1 generation of the punnett square. • Punnett squares that look only one traitare called monohybrid crosses.

10. Quick Vocabulary THE EXACT GENES OR ALLELES THAT A PERSON HAS IS KNOWN AS THEIR GENOTYPE. EXAMPLE: R r Having Two Dominate Genes Is Known As Homozygous Dominate Having A Dominate And A Recessive Gene Is Known As Heterozygous Having Two Recessive Genes Is Known As Homozygous Recessive THE TRAIT THAT A PERSON EXPRESSES IS KNOW AS THEIR PHENOTYPE. EXAMPLE: RED FLOWERS

11. Making A Mono-Hybrid Cross Click Then Wait A Second For Sound

12. Simple Inheritance Genes Hairline Tongue Curling Earlobes Thumb Chin Ear Wax

13. Tongue Curling Dominate RecessiveCan Can’t Back

14. Hair LineDominate Recessive Back

15. EarlobesDominate RecessiveFree Attached Back

16. ThumbDominate Recessive Straight Thumb Hitchhiker’s Thumb Back

17. ChinDominate Recessive Cleft Chin No Cleft Back

18. Ear WaxDominate Recessive Wet-Waxy Dry-Flaky Back

19. THIS COMPLETES OUR LESSON!