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Industrial Workers

Industrial Workers. Chapter 19, Section 4 Pgs. 572-575. Sweatshop. A crowded, poorly lit urban factory filled with flammable materials. Trade Union. Unions formed to represent workers in certain crafts or trades. Noneffective because the only represented one trade.

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Industrial Workers

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  1. Industrial Workers Chapter 19, Section 4 Pgs. 572-575

  2. Sweatshop • A crowded, poorly lit urban factory filled with flammable materials

  3. Trade Union • Unions formed to represent workers in certain crafts or trades. • Noneffective because the only represented one trade. • There is power in numbers!

  4. Collective Bargaining • Negotiation between the union representatives and management to determine wages, hours, and working conditions.

  5. Strikebreaker A strikebreaker is a person who works despite an ongoing strike.

  6. Injunction • Court order to stop some action.

  7. Dangers in the Workplace • Steel workers – burns from spills of hot steel • Coal miners – death from cave-ins and from the effects of gas and coal dust • Textile workers – lungs damaged by airborne lint

  8. Garment Workers • Garment workers toiled in sweatshops. Sweatshops were crowded factories where workers ruined their eyesight in poor light. They were filled with flammable materials that made them firetraps.

  9. Women in Industry • More than 1 million women worked in industry. • Women’s salaries were generally half of what men earned for the same work.

  10. Child Labor Laws • Laws stated that children working in factories had to be at least 12 years old and should not work more than 10 hours a day.

  11. Knights of Labor • They recruited people kept out of other unions, including women, African Americans, immigrants, and unskilled laborers

  12. AFL • American Federation of Labor • Represented skilled workers in various crafts.

  13. Collective Bargaining • Unions represent workers in bargaining with management.

  14. Triangle Shirtwaist Company • The International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union took action after the 1911 fire. • Unions responded to unfair practices by going on strike. • http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/m_r/pinsky/triangle.htm

  15. 1877 Railroad Strike • The railroad companies hired strikebreakers to replace the striking union workers.

  16. Haymarket Riot • Strikers had gathered to protest the killings of four strikers the day before. Someone threw a bomb, and a riot followed.

  17. Homestead Strike of 1892 • The steel plant mangers responded by hiring nonunion workers and brought in 300 armed guards to protect them.

  18. Pullman Strike • Pullman persuaded the United States Attorney General to obtain an injunction forcing the strikers back to work.

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