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U.S. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE

U.S. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE. CA7. OBJECTIVES. Describe types of chemical warfare agents stored in your vicinity Describe what nerve and blister agents are and what they look like. CA8. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE. Comprised of chemicals designed and produced for the sole purpose of warfare

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U.S. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE

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  1. U.S. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE CA7

  2. OBJECTIVES • Describe types of chemical warfare agents stored in your vicinity • Describe what nerve and blister agents are and what they look like CA8

  3. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE • Comprised of chemicals designed and produced for the sole purpose of warfare • Nerve agents and blister agents Edgewood Chemical Activity, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD CA9

  4. CSEPP CHEMICAL STOCKPILE LOCATIONS Umatilla Chemical Depot (UMCD) Hermiston, OR Newport Chemical Depot (NECD) Newport, IN WA Edgewood Chemical Activity (ECA) Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD IL Deseret Chemical Depot (DCD) Tooele, UT Blue Grass ChemicalActivity (BGCA) Richmond, KY Pueblo Chemical Depot (PUCD) Pueblo, CO Pine Bluff Chemical Activity (PBCA) Pine Bluff, AR Anniston Chemical Activity (ANCA) Anniston, AL Storage Facilities States with Storage Facilities Impacted States CA10

  5. CSEPP U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORY CA11

  6. U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORYAS OF AUGUST 1999 Blue Grass 2.0% Deseret 39.4% Anniston 8.4% Umatilla 13.9% Edgewood 6.0% Johnston Atoll 1.3% Pueblo 9.8% Newport 4.8% Pine Bluff 14.4% CA12

  7. US STOCKPILE INVENTORY • Deseret Chemical Depot stockpile incineration began August 1996 • Approximately 22.7% of stockpile stored at Deseret successfully destroyed (as of August 1999) Deseret Chemical Depot, Tooele, UT CA13

  8. STORAGE CONTAINERS CA14

  9. STORAGE FACILITIES • Chemical agents are stored in • concrete igloos • metal storage buildings • outdoor storage yards • In restricted access areas • Entire area surrounded by security fences and equipped with appropriate security devices Blue Grass Chemical Activity, Richmond, KY CA15

  10. IGLOOS • Chemical munitions containing explosives must be stored in concrete structures called “igloos” • Igloos have 2 ft of earth covering all sides except a front wall of reinforced concrete • Earth cover designed to reduce spread of fragments and fire in unlikely event of an accident within igloo Umatilla Chemical Depot, Hermiston, OR CA16

  11. EXCEPTION OF EXPLOSIVE STORAGE • Deseret Chemical Depot stores aerial spray tanks in metal structures • These spray tanks have small amounts of explosive devices stored in a container attached to outside of metal shipping and storage container CA17

  12. METAL STORAGE BUILDINGS • Bulk containers of agent without explosives stored in metal storage buildings • Bulk containers of VX stored in metal storage buildings at Newport Chemical Depot • Bulk containers of HD stored in metal storage buildings at Umatilla Chemical Depot Newport Chemical Depot, Newport, IN CA18

  13. OUTDOOR STORAGE YARDS • Bulk containers of blister agents may be stored in outdoor storage yards surrounded by a security fence • Bulk H and HD blister agent stored outside at: • Pine Bluff Chemical Depot • Edgewood Chemical Activity • Deseret Chemical Depot • Deseret Chemical Depot also has Lewisite stored outside Edgewood Chemical Activity, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD CA19

  14. TYPES OF AGENTS CA20

  15. NERVE AGENTS GA GB VX BLISTER AGENTS H HD HT L CA21

  16. GA GB VX NERVE AGENTS • Attack body’s nervous system • Scientific classification: Organophosphate • organophosphates also include agricultural insecticides malathion and parathion CA22

  17. SPECIFIC NAMES Symbol Common name Referred to as VX VX VX GB Sarin GB or G-agent GA* Tabun GA or G-agent *Small amount stored at Deseret Chemical Depot CA23

  18. NERVE AGENTPHYSICAL PROPERTIES • Usually liquid in normal state • Becomes volatile and generates vapors if heated • Potential for release if in vapor or aerosol form • All nerve agents currently in liquid form • Most distinguishable factors are physical consistency and color CA24

  19. VX • Oily liquid; resembles light weight oil • Usually a pale amber color (colorless in pure form) • Odorless • Tasteless • Persistent; designed to cling to whatever it splatters on • persistence is weather-dependent CA25

  20. G-AGENTS • GB is usually colorless, watery in pure form • GA may be pale to dark amber • GB has almost no odor • GB is tasteless • GB volatilizes at lower temperature than VX • GB evaporates more rapidly than VX but less than water CA26

  21. H HD HT L BLISTER AGENTS (VESICANTS) • Poisons that destroy individual cells • Blisters most noticeable effect from exposure • Includes sulfur mustard and Lewisite CA27

  22. SPECIFIC NAMES Symbol Common name Referred to as H, HD, HT Sulfur mustard H, HD, HT L* Lewisite Lewisite *Small amount stored at Deseret Chemical Depot CA28

  23. SULFUR MUSTARDPHYSICAL PROPERTIES • Mustard-garlic-like smell • Liquid or solid form in normal state • Becomes volatile and generates vapors if heated • burns well once ignited • Pale amber brown color in liquid form • Colorless gas when vaporized Laboratory bottle of sulfur mustard CA29

  24. LEWISITE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES • Amber to brown liquid • colorless when pure • About 10 times more volatile than sulfur mustard • Irritating, fruity or geranium-like odor • little odor when pure • Persistent • More dangerous as liquid than as vapor CA30

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