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Chemical bonds

Chemical bonds. Aims: to learn basic vocabulary used when talking about chemical bonding. Table salt. Silver atoms. A water molecule. Oxygen molecules. A sodium atom transfers an electron to a chlorine atom to create table salt. Chemical bonding. What kinds of chemical bonds are there?.

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Chemical bonds

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  1. Chemical bonds Aims: to learn basic vocabulary used when talking about chemical bonding

  2. Table salt

  3. Silver atoms

  4. A water molecule

  5. Oxygen molecules

  6. A sodium atom transfers an electron to a chlorine atom to create table salt

  7. Chemical bonding

  8. What kinds of chemical bonds are there?

  9. Covalent • Ionic • Metallic

  10. Types of chemical bondingKey words: • bond = veza • attractive forces = privlacnesile • interact = medjusobnodelovati • valence electron = valentnielektron • electron shell = elektronskaljuska, omotac • positively charged = pozitivnonaelektrisan • negatively charged = negativnonaelektrisan • oppositely charged = suprotnonaelektrisan • particle = cestica • repel = odbijati • attract = privlaciti • share = deliti • properties = karakteristike, osobine • crystalline = kristalni • dissolve = rastvoriti • solution = rastvor • acid = kiselina • row = red • outermost = spoljni • core = jezgro • diverse = razlicit

  11. Read the text and find the words which have the same/opposite meaning as the following words. • bond, link, connection = t_______ • are located in = r_____ • remember = r________ • attract ↔ r________ • happen = o________ • get = g________ • characteristics = p__________ • think about = c______ • stinking, unpleasant = f_________ • happen = t____ p____ • spring up, jump up = b________ • different = d_________

  12. Read the text and find the words which have the same/opposite meaning as the following words. • bond, link, connection = tie • are located in = reside • remember = recall • attract ↔ repel • happen = occur • get = gain • characteristics = properties • think about = consider • stinking, unpleasant = foul • Happen = take place • spring up, jump up = bounce • different = diverse

  13. Covalent bonds • Explain what a covalent bond is. • What is a covalent bond compared to? • What is the shared electron compared to? • Which molecules were mentioned as examples of: a) a single covalent bond b) a double covalent bond c) a triple covalent bond • How can you predict if the bonds are covalent or not?

  14. Read the text and find the words which have the same meaning as the following words. • breathe out = e______ • separate, distinct = d_______ • give = d_________ • part = p________ • element = c_________ • guess = p_________ • join together = s_______ t______

  15. Read the text and find the words which have the same/opposite meaning as the following words. • breathe out = exhale • separate, distinct = discrete • give = donate • part = portion • element = component • guess = predict • join = stick together

  16. Ionic bondsKey words • get over = preboleti, pomiriti se sa necim • saltshaker = slanik • strip = skinuti, uzeti • charge = naelektrisanje • Opposites attract. = Suprotnosti se privlace. • lose = izgubiti • loss = gubitak • unlike = za razliku od • exist = postojati • solid = cvrsta supstanca

  17. Read the text carefully and answer the following questions. • Which example of ionic bond is given in the text? • What holds two oppositely charged atoms together? • What’s the difference between sodium chloride and barium chloride? • What kinds of elements usually form ionic bonds? • What other examples of ionic bonds are mentioned?

  18. Polar Covalent BondsKey Words • playground = igraliste • preschoolers = predskolac • on average = u proseku • determine = odrediti • measure = meriti • draw = vući • corresponding = koji odgovara • value = vrednost • devise = smisliti, napraviti • increase = povecati se • toddler= dete koje tek uci da hoda • tug = vući

  19. Choose the word which best completes the sentence. 1. This means that sometimes in a covalent bond the electrons are not _____equally between the two atoms. • sharing • shared • share 2. Electronegativity is a _______ of an atom's ability to draw its bonding electrons to itself. • measure • determine • calculate 3. Electronegativity ________ from left to right going across a period. • decreases • bigger • increases

  20. Progress test questions A 1. Atoms are the building blocks of all substances. But what is it that keeps atoms connected together? They are held together by _____________ (CHEMISTRY) BONDS, strong ______________ (attract) forces between atoms. 2. An IONIC BOND occurs when one atom gains a valence electron from a ______________ (difference) atom, forming a negative ion (ANION) and a positive ion (CATION), respectively. B 1. A molecule that has oppositely charged ends is called a P _ _ _ _ MOLECULE. 2. In the formula H2O, the number 2 is a S _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

  21. A • Atoms are the building blocks of all substances. But what is it that keeps atoms connected together? They are held together by CHEMICALBONDS, strong attractive forces between atoms. • An IONIC BOND occurs when one atom gains a valence electron from a different atom, forming a negative ion (ANION) and a positive ion (CATION), respectively. B 1. A molecule that has oppositely charged ends is called a POLAR MOLECULE. 2. In the formula H2O, the number 2 is a SUBSCRIPT.

  22. component exist form share made up Oxygen does not _________ as a single oxygen atom, but as a molecule of two oxygen atoms. These two oxygen atoms _________ two pairs of valence electrons (four valence electrons total) between them, forming a DOUBLE COVALENT BOND. This is true of any double covalent bond; four valence electrons are shared between two atoms. Another _________ of air is nitrogen. Like oxygen, nitrogen does not exist as a single nitrogen atom, but as a molecule ___________of two nitrogen atoms. The two nitrogen atoms in a molecule of nitrogen share three pairs of valence electrons (six valence electrons total) to _________a TRIPLE COVALENT BOND.

  23. Oxygen does not exist as a single oxygen atom, but as a molecule of two oxygen atoms. These two oxygen atoms share two pairs of valence electrons (four valence electrons total) between them, forming a DOUBLE COVALENT BOND. This is true of any double covalent bond; four valence electrons are shared between two atoms. Another component of air is nitrogen. Like oxygen, nitrogen does not exist as a single nitrogen atom, but as a molecule made up of two nitrogen atoms. The two nitrogen atoms in a molecule of nitrogen share three pairs of valence electrons (six valence electrons total) to form a TRIPLE COVALENT BOND.

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