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T h e R o c k C y c l e i n Pennsylvania

T h e R o c k C y c l e i n Pennsylvania. DRAFT 04/ 07/2000 ESW 2000 Rock Cycle MI DEQ GSD - SEW.

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T h e R o c k C y c l e i n Pennsylvania

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  1. TheRockCycle in Pennsylvania DRAFT 04/ 07/2000 ESW 2000 Rock Cycle MI DEQ GSD - SEW

  2. The eminent 18th century lawyer, doctor, gentleman farmer and founder of modern geoscience, James Hutton, developed the concept of the Rock Cycle to show how rocks and natural, physical processes are interrelated. Radioactive heating from inside the earth, as well as solar energy and gravity at thesurface drives the rock cycle. As a result, the rock cycle will be self-sustaining for thousands of millions of years.

  3. What is theRockCycle ? The rock cycle is a sequence of events involving the formation, alteration, destruction, and reformation of rocks as a result of natural processes such as magmatism (melting of rock into magma), erosion, transportation, deposition, lithification, and metamorphism. Glossary of Geology, Bates & Jackson, AGI

  4. The mantle, crust and surface of the earthcan be thought of as a giant recycling machine; rocks are neither created nor destroyed, but redistributed and transformed from one rock type to another. http://www.science.ubc.ca/~geol202/rock_cycle/rockcycle.html March 2000

  5. TheRock Cycleinvolves the recognition of three main classes of rocks all of which are found in Michigan. The three rock types are …

  6. SedimentaryRocks MetamorphicRocks CEMETERY METABOLIC INGENIOUS IgneousRocks Right?

  7. Before we look at theRock Cyclein more detail, let’s review some basic information …

  8. Atoms combine to make compounds that combine to make minerals.

  9. Mineralsare naturally occurring inorganic elements or compounds having an orderly internal structure and a characteristic chemical composition, crystal form and physical properties

  10. Minerals combine to form Rocks

  11. Some Rocks are made up of just one mineral - like rock salt (made up of the mineral halite) that is mined near Detroit. Others Rocks are made up of many minerals - like the granites and gneisses (made up of feldspars, quartz, and other minerals) found near Marquette.

  12. Rocks and Natural Processes make up the RockCycle weathering Metamorphic Sedimentary pressure, heat melting Igneous

  13. weathering Metamorphic Sedimentary Igneous TheRock Cycle Rocks are weatherederoded,transportedand depositedto formSedimentary Rocks

  14. Sedimentary Rocks found in Pennsylvania • Find theses rocks on the Geologic Map of Pennsylvania http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/maps/map7.pdf • Find and separate these rocks from the rock collection on your table. • List at least 5 characteristics of these rocks Limestone Shales Sandstone Coal Clay Chert Conglomerate

  15. Characteristics of Sedimentary Rocks • . • . • . • . • . • . • .

  16. Metamorphic Sedimentary melting Igneous TheRock Cycle Igneous Rocksform from molten rock or magma in the subsurface or from lava extruded at the surface

  17. Igneous Rocks found in Pennsylvania • Find theses rocks on the Geologic Map of Pennsylvania http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/maps/map7.pdf • Find and separate these rocks from the rock collection on your table. • List at least 5 characteristics of these rocks Granite

  18. Characteristics of Igneous Rocks • . • . • . • . • . • . • .

  19. Metamorphic Sedimentary pressure, heat Igneous TheRock Cycle Pressure, heatand fluidscause preexistingmaterials to becomeMetamorphic Rocks

  20. Metamorphic Rocks found in Pennsylvania • Find theses rocks on the Geologic Map of Pennsylvania http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/maps/map7.pdf • Find and separate these rocks from the rock collection on your table. • List at least 5 characteristics of these rocks Gneiss Schist Quartzite Serpentine Slate Marble Anthracite

  21. Characteristics of Metamorphic Rocks • . • . • . • . • . • . • .

  22. SEDIMENTARY IGNEOUS METAMORPHIC

  23. weathering Metamorphic Sedimentary pressure, heat melting Igneous TheRock Cycle The Rock Cycle does not go in just one direction. Any given rock can go through any part of the cycle any number of times.

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