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Immune Response

Immune Response. Vocabulary. Immunology - the study of host defense mechanisms Immunity - ability of the host to protect itself against foreign organisms. Resistance to disease. Antigen (Ag)- is a foreign substance that can elicit specific immune response (IR) when is immunogenic

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Immune Response

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  1. Immune Response

  2. Vocabulary Immunology- the study of host defense mechanisms Immunity- ability of the host to protect itself against foreign organisms. Resistance to disease. Antigen (Ag)- is a foreign substance that can elicit specific immune response (IR) when is immunogenic Antibody (Ab)- protein produced by the body’s immune system when it detects harmful substances called antigens White blood cells (leukocytes)- chief function is to protect the body against microorganisms causing disease and fight infection when it occurs. They are bigger than red blood cells.

  3. Leukocytes (White Blood Cells (WBC)) • Protect the body against microorganisms, toxins, & tumor cells. • remove dead cells & debris from body • Complete cells with all organelles • Stained & further identified by • size • shape of the nucleus • presence/absence of granules • colors taken up by their granules

  4. Normal Blood Smear • WBCs account for less than 1% of blood’s volume

  5. White Blood Cells (WBC) • 5 Major types of WBC • Neutrophils • Eosonophils • Basophils • Lymphocytes (T and B Cells) • Monocytes • Divided into two categories • Granuolocytes and Agranuolocytes

  6. Granuolocytes • Neutrophils • are the most common WBC in peripheral blood. • Circulate in blood 7-10 hrs before migrating into tissue • Live only a few days (1-2 in tissue) • “front line of innate defense” • 1st WBCs to show up at an infection site • Increase in # used as an indicator of infection • Extravasate in inflammation rxn • Active phagocytes • Fungi

  7. Granuolocytes • Eosonophils • Defend the body in parasitic infections • Tapeworms, hookworms, pinworms • Function in phagocytosis • Account for less than 5% of WBC • Involved in allergies • Reduce or control inflammatory response by destroying histamine • Red bi-lobed nucleus with red granules

  8. Granuolocytes • Basophils • Least common WBC in blood • Non phagocytic • Function as “sirens” for inflammation and allergy • Produce histamine (a vasodilator) and heparin • Large, histamine containing granules that stain dark purple to blue

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