Thought: using what I know

1. Thought: using what I know I think therefore I am

2. chapter 7 Overview • Thought: Using what we know • Reasoning rationally • Barriers to reasoning rationally • Intelligence • The origins of intelligence • Animal minds

3. The Student Will • List the 5 units of thought in their Cornell Notes and their Graphic Organizer (exit ticket) • List the Kinds of thinking in their Graphic Organizer (3) • Summarize thinking and the basic concept

4. chapter 7 Elements of cognition Concept Mental category that groups objects, relations, activities, abstractions, or qualities having common properties Basic concepts have a moderate number of instances and are easier to acquire. A prototype is an especially representative example. Proposition A meaningful unit, built of concepts, expressing a single idea Schema An integrated mental network of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations concerning a particular topic. Image A mental representation that resembles what it represents

5. Units of Thinking (5) • Image- picture in the minds eye • Symbol- abstract unit • Concept- anger, joy, sadness (emotions) • Prototype= best example; golden retriever or Chihuahua • Rule/proposition- the pitchers mound is 60ft. 6 inches from home plate;

6. Thanksgiving image

7. Symbol

8. Symbol #2

9. Symbol #3

10. Concept

11. prototype

12. Rule

13. Kinds of thinking • First is Direct convergence thinking, need focus • Tasks that once have required careful conscious attention • #1.subconscious thinking-process= SYSTEMATIC • for example driving a car, knitting, texting • Now Do “without thinking” • Can learn to take dictation and reading

14. OTOH • Nondirect / #2 Nonconscious= name or solution “pops” in your head, OUTSIDE YOUR AWARENESS • Intuition, insight= gut feeling rather than conscious reasoning • First stage problem automatically (memories, knowledge, patterns) • Second stage become aware of it • Like a sudden revelation- aha I’ve got it • 2 PARTS in nonconscious processes

15. chapter 7 How conscious is thought? Subconscious processes Mental processes occurring outside of conscious awareness but accessible to consciousness when necessary Nonconscious processes Mental processes occurring outside of and not available to consciousness

16. chapter 7 Types of conscious processes Implicit learning When you have acquired knowledge about something without being aware how you did so, and without being able to state exactly what you have learned Mindlessness Mental inflexibility, inertia, and obliviousness in the present context

17. Conscious Process • #3 Implicit ( nonconscious)- don’t know how learned it, can’t state exactly what you learned • For Example- walking up a flight of stairs, learning native language • Mindlessness- mental inflexibility • Xerox machine experiment- can I use machine, can I use machine to make copies, can I use machine I’m in a rush • Normally let go for third request • But people also complied when heard meaningless explanation • Sugar free! Salt • dairy free! paper clips

19. Summary • Thinking Units • Types of thinking