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New Innovation of Water Infrastructure

New Innovation of Water Infrastructure. November 18, 2013 Joonhong Park. Top 5 World’s Future Issues. Energy Water Food Health Environment. Resource Recovery from Wastewater. Water Energy resource chemicals (methane, H2, N2O, electricity) Nutrient fertilizers (N, P)

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New Innovation of Water Infrastructure

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  1. New Innovation of Water Infrastructure November 18, 2013 Joonhong Park

  2. Top 5 World’s Future Issues • Energy • Water • Food • Health • Environment

  3. Resource Recovery from Wastewater • Water • Energy resource chemicals (methane, H2, N2O, electricity) • Nutrient fertilizers (N, P) • Value-added chemicals (medicines, food and/or additives, polymers for industrial purposes)

  4. Current wastewater treatment system Home -toilet (black water; high BOD) -bathroom(grey water; low BOD) -kitchen (food waste + water; low BOD in Korea) Waste Water (BOD= 200 mg/l) Storm water (우수/오수 합류관거) Aerobic Activated Sludge Process in Wastewater Treatment Plant (aeration cost > 60% of total energy cost) Effluent Influent (BOD < 200 mg/l) Wasted Sludge Problems: energy consuming system without resource recovery

  5. Biochemical Processes in Anaerobic Digestion Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Amino acids Simple sugars Glycerol /LCVAs Methane Fermentation Hydrogen/CO2 Acetate SCVAs Methane Methane + Acetate CO2 Acid formation Methanogenesis

  6. Alternative way to RR from WW: Concentration and Anaerobic Digestion Home (High BOD) -toilet black-water -food waste High-Strength Waste Water (BOD > 10,000 mg/l) Concentration by Membrane or Reuse by WWT (중수도) Home (Low BOD) -bathroom grey-water -kitchen grey-water No storm water (우수/오수 병류관거) Post-Treatments (N, P removal from effluent) Anaerobic Digestion (methane production) Influent (BOD < 10,000 mg/l) Disadvantage: Long hydraulic retention time (HRT) and effluent post-treatment required

  7. Nutrient Recovery Phosphorus (P) mining resource will be completely consumed within 40 years. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite; MgNH4PO4·6H2O) formation from wastewater has been regarded as nutrient recovery since Booker et al, 1999. In Swiss, ash from combustion of biomass is being stored in designated landfills until P mining resource will be completed. N/P recovery from no-mix toilet [source-separated urine]: urine contains most of the nutrients in domestic wastewater but makes up less than 1% of total wastewater. In addition, better ways to remove organic micropollutants from human metabolites (see Maurer et al., 2006; Gethke et al., 2007; ) <Crystal structure of struvite>

  8. New Toilet - 그 진지함과 진화 Conventional Toilet => No Mix => Vacuum => No Mix Vacuum => Future?? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvhgpHHSZA0

  9. E-W-F Nexus: Urban Eco-farming • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIdP00u2KRA • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWUt6hT_8Lo Vertical Farming No Soil Farming Indoor Light Hydrogel film

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