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Cell Specialization and Genetic Regulation in Development

Explore the mechanisms behind cell specialization, transcriptional regulation, and embryonic development. Understand the crucial role of homeotic genes in directing body part identity. Learn how molecular variations provide cells with diverse functions and why homeobox genes are evolutionarily conserved.

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Cell Specialization and Genetic Regulation in Development

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Essential Knowledge • 4.c.1 – Variation in molecular units provides cells with a wider range of functions (21.5)

  2. Chapter 21 – Key Concepts • Embryonic development involves cell division, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis. • Different cells of an organism have the same DNA. • Different cells make different proteins, usually by transcriptional regulation.

  3. Chapter 21 – Key Concepts • Transcriptional regulation is directed by maternal molecules in the cytoplasm and signals from other cells. • Homeotic genes direct the identity of body parts. • Homeobox genes have been highly conserved in evolution.

  4. Points to Know: • How do cells become specialized in structure and function? • Name 5 organisms that have been used as model organisms for development? • How does transcriptional control regulate cell development? • How does an embryo know “which way is up?”

  5. Points to Know: • Why have homeotic genes been conserved over evolutionary time? • Give an example of mutations or studies with homeotic genes.

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