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ANCIENT EGYPT: Structural Conservatism & Material Extravagance

ANCIENT EGYPT: Structural Conservatism & Material Extravagance. The Nile River Valley. due to basic human needs for sustenance it is no surprise the Nile River Valley developed as it did: water fertilization transportation building materials aesthetic inspiration.

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ANCIENT EGYPT: Structural Conservatism & Material Extravagance

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  1. ANCIENT EGYPT:Structural Conservatism &Material Extravagance

  2. The Nile River Valley • due to basic human needs for sustenance it is no surprise the Nile River Valley developed as it did: • water • fertilization • transportation • building materials • aesthetic inspiration

  3. Old Kingdom (2680–2181 B.C.) mastaba • sepulchral structure built above ground • elaboration of pre-dynastic burial-pit & mound form • generally rectangular in plan with a flat roof and inward-sloping walls • built of brick and faced with limestone slabs

  4. angle of repose—natural “structure” of earth when piled • battered—or has a slope

  5. Pyramids of Giza

  6. Structural Conservatism • Skiomorphosis - describes that process whereby a form is invented in one material as a response to the physical properties of that material and then transferred to another material whose properties do not demand that form.

  7. Segregation of Classes • Division of class • Royalty • Military • Laboring class • Merchant class • Segregation of residential districts

  8. Temple Complex at Karnac

  9. Trabeated Construction Lintel: Horizontal Element Post: Vertical Element Battered Wall

  10. Cavetto Cornice Temple of Edfu: The Main Pylon/Gate

  11. Obelisk

  12. Temple of Amon at Karnac Path or Axis

  13. Temple of Amon at Karnac AxialPlanning Additive Construction

  14. Hypostyle Hall: Nature’s Grid SUN NILE

  15. Hypostyle Hall Lotus Flower Capital Clerestory Latin: hypo-inside, style-column

  16. hierarchy of society (statues and restricted spaces) fused in architecture

  17. The Dense Forest

  18. Applied Polychromy

  19. HIEROGLYPHICS Bas (Low) Relief Carving Incised Carving

  20. Arab World Institute Notre Dame Jean Nouvel, Paris France, 1983-87

  21. Light Sensitive Windows

  22. Jean Nouvel’s Hypostyle Hall

  23. Interior of Nouvel’s Hypostyle

  24. Interior of Arab World Institute

  25. INTERIORS • Egyptian Pyramids • Eternal • Egyptian Villas and Palaces • Absence of ceremony and its effect on the interior • Symbolic journey of life • Importance of the hearth • Movable furniture • Ephemeral

  26. Model of a Villa of an aristocratic family at Te El Armana, 18th Dynasty, New Kingdom (reconstructed from archeological evidence)

  27. Walls were a canvas for carving or painted murals. Wooden shutters or grilles for windows. Sun-baked earthen floors cooler than having textiles. Plan of a Villa of an aristocratic family at Te El Armana, 18th Dynasty, New Kingdom (reconstructed from archeological evidence)

  28. Egyptian Furniture

  29. Products of the Vernacular • Products for ordinary people • Local materials • Priority of function

  30. Products of the High Style • Products for the elite • Extravagant materials • Followed them to the afterlife Alabaster Lamp

  31. Diagonal Struts Wrapped Joints table and oil lamps, Old Kingdom

  32. Wood Joinery

  33. Bedroom Suite of Queen Hetepheres, c. 2300 BCE Wood encased in gold; loose cushions covered in cotton, painted leather, metallic cloth

  34. Folding Bed, Middle Kingdom

  35. Headrest from the tomb of Tutankhamun, c. 1352 Often wrapped in linen

  36. Lotus Blossom Reeds Zoomorphic furniture Impost Block

  37. The Discovery of King Tut’sTomb by Howard Carter(1922)

  38. The Antechamber (Evidence of trade; Greek artifacts found in tombs)

  39. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Delphi/3499/MUMMY.HTM

  40. Burial Chamber Entrance

  41. An Unbroken Seal

  42. The Primary Sarcophagus of King Tutankhamen

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