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Understanding Aquatic Biodiversity: Coral Colors, Benefits, and Ecosystem Dynamics

Aquatic biodiversity is essential to Earth's ecosystems, covering 75% of its surface. Coral reefs, vibrant due to symbiotic algae, provide numerous benefits, including habitat, coastal protection, and fisheries support. Marine life is structured in layers: the euphotic, bathyal, and abyssal zones, each supporting distinct organisms from plankton to benthos. Estuaries and coastal wetlands serve as vital nurseries for many marine species. Lakes vary from oligotrophic to eutrophic, affected by nutrient levels. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for conservation and sustaining aquatic ecosystems.

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Understanding Aquatic Biodiversity: Coral Colors, Benefits, and Ecosystem Dynamics

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  1. Ch. 6 Aquatic Biodiversity

  2. Where does the color of the coral come from? • What are benefits of coral reefs?

  3. 75% of Earth is covered with water • Salinity of the water determines the type of life that can survive

  4. Benefits of a marine ecosystem.

  5. Levels of ocean feeders: • Plankton • Phytoplankton • Zooplankton • Ultraplankton • Nekton • Turtles • fish • Benthos- bottom dwellers • Oysters, lobsters, crabs, worms • Decomposers • Specialized bacteria

  6. Ocean Layers • Euphotic zone: brightly lit surface layer. • Nutrient levels low, dissolved O2 high, photosynthetic activity. • Bathyal zone: dimly lit middle layer. • No photosynthetic activity, zooplankton and fish live there and migrate to euphotic zone to feed at night. • Abyssal zone: dark bottom layer. • Very cold, little dissolved O2.

  7. Estuary and Coastal Wetlands • Estuaries are rivers that meet the sea where seawater mixes with freshwater. • Coastal wetlands are land areas covered with water some or all of the year. • river mouths, inlets, bays, sounds, salt marshes=temperate zones • Mangrove forests=tropical zones

  8. Mangrove Forests

  9. The coastal zone

  10. Types of Lakes • Oligotrophic- lacking nutrients, cold, clear, low NPP • trout • Eutropic- well nourished, shallow, murky, high NPP • Mesotrophic- between two extremes • Cultural eutrophication- when runoff from farmland and building sites increases nutrients in lakes quickly

  11. Benefits of Inland wetlands • Replenish streams during drought • Replenish aquifers • Maintain biodiversity • Supply products like fish, timber

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