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Segregation and Diversity Trends in England and Wales, 1991-2001

This study by Albert Sabater and the Cathie Marsh Centre analyzes ethnic group segregation and diversity trends over a decade in England and Wales. Using census data and segregation indices, it examines how different ethnic groups are distributed geographically and how diversity has changed over time. The research aims to understand the impact of boundary revisions, cohort comparisons, and challenges in measuring segregation. Findings show shifting patterns in ethnic group distributions and increasing diversity, with implications for social integration. Access the full estimates for further insights.

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Segregation and Diversity Trends in England and Wales, 1991-2001

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  1. Estimating segregation and diversity of ethnic groups over time in England and Wales, 1991-2001 Albert Sabater Cathie Marsh Centre for Census and Survey Research Understanding Population Trends and Processes

  2. Estimating segregation and diversity of ethnic groups over time in England and Wales, 1991-2001 • Outline • Motivation • Main aims • Data (census and full estimates) • Method (indices of segregation and diversity) • Results (nationally and for some LADs)

  3. Motivation (recent views of segregation) • Segregation at levels of black ghettoes in US cities (Guardian, 1 Sept 2005); • Are we sleepwalking towards apartheid? (Sunday Times, 18 Sept 2005); • Multiculturalism is falling to bring Britain’s races together (Ted Cantle, Times, 21 Sept 2005); • Debate based on the view that too many Black people or too many Asians living together is a problem, while the same dominance by White people is acceptable. (GLA, 10 Nov 2005).

  4. Main aims • Examine the impact of using census output on measures of segregation and diversity; • Analyse segregation measures over time using cohort comparisons; • Evaluate challenges posed by boundary revisions.

  5. Data Two data sources • Census output as published (CASWEB) • Full population estimates (CCSR, soon at ESDS)

  6. Enhancement, 1991 and 2001 censuses

  7. Impact on population change by ethnic group in EW

  8. Method • Index of Dissimilarity (an unequal geographical spread); • Index of Isolation (high proportion of ethnic groups); • Reciprocal Diversity Index (approximate equality of numbers of each ethnic group).

  9. Let's recapitulate objective 1 • Examine the impact of using census output on measures of segregation and diversity; Example…

  10. Index of dissimilarity between 91-01 for EW-measured across wards-

  11. Index of isolation between 91-01 for EW-measured across wards-

  12. Index of diversity between 91-01 for LADs of EW 2001 Full estimates 1991 Full estimates

  13. Let's recapitulate objective 2 • Analyse segregation measures over time using cohort comparisons; Example… 1991 2001 Aged 0-6 10-16

  14. Index of dissimilarity between 91-01 for EW

  15. Index of isolation between 91-01 for EW

  16. Let's recapitulate objective 3 • Evaluate challenges posed by boundary revisions. Example…

  17. Index of dissimilarity between 91-01 for EW and Leicester-measured across wards-

  18. To sum up • Ethnic groups have become more evenly distributed since 1991; • Groups with a recent history of immigration (African, Pakistani and Bangladeshi) have increased their average local concentration since 1991; • Diversity is increasing, and becoming more widespread; • Ethnic groups vary their evenness and exposure at different life-stages; • The impact of boundary changes is significant and can be of the same order of changes over time.

  19. Dissemination of full estimates Summary ward data available at www.ccsr.ac.uk/popla/TimeSeriesOutput.shtml

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