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The FERMI Team represented by Stephen V. Milton

The FERMI Team represented by Stephen V. Milton. 4th-Generation?. The ELETTRA Laboratory. Put seeded FEL Here i.e. FERMI@Elettra. 2.0 to 2.4 GeV Synchrotron Radiation Source. Existing 1+ GeV Linac. High Gain Harmonic Generation - HGHG. Bunching at harmonic l.

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The FERMI Team represented by Stephen V. Milton

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  1. The FERMI Team represented by Stephen V. Milton

  2. 4th-Generation?

  3. The ELETTRA Laboratory Put seeded FEL Here i.e. FERMI@Elettra 2.0 to 2.4 GeV Synchrotron Radiation Source Existing 1+ GeV Linac

  4. High Gain Harmonic Generation - HGHG Bunching at harmonic l More compact and fully temporally coherent source, control of pulse length, of spectral parameters, and polarization. Li-Hua Yu DUV-FEL

  5. CDR FERMI Beam Parameters

  6. FERMI FEL Output Parameters

  7. Linac Performance Review • Purpose • To access our overall plans for the linac • Are they realistic • Can we do better • If there are limitations what should we do to surmount them • Eg. “Historical” contamination and cleaning

  8. CDR: FERMI Linac Performance Implied Off-crest operational energy of 1.14 GeV

  9. Linac Performance New Goals • Maximum Energy That We Should Plan to • With things as they are 1.5 GeV • If the “SLED phasing” works 1.8 GeV

  10. Linac Performance: Future? • Future Possible Upgrade Paths (Energy and Reliability) • SLED CERN Sections or Add 1 klystron per CERN Section • 7 total installed

  11. “Reach” of FERMI Shown are the fundamental wavelengths. Of course harmonics extend to higher photon energies.

  12. FERMI FEL Output Parameters

  13. FEL II Concept • Basic Philosophy • Push to as short a wavelength (highest energy photons) as possible while maintaining full tunability and variable polarization over the whole tuning range. • Do not worry about generating long pulse lengths • Short pulses preferable by the users • Limit risk by adding one step of additional complexity at a time. • Example • Single Stage HGHG: FEL I • Cascade HGHG with Ti:S seed source: FEL II • Short wavelength seed sources • Harmonic generation in gases • Maintain uniqueness • Seeded, stabilized operation

  14. FEL II Concept • FEL II Wavelength Coverage • Should be able to ensure full coverage over all polarizations from 40 nm (31 eV) to 10 nm (124 eV) • Should, if possible, try to get to 3 nm (413 eV) on the fundamental (stretch goal) and 1 nm (1240 eV) at the third harmonic • R&D Items • Implement next step when more D than R • But do the R for the next step

  15. FEL II Concept • Configurations Explored • SASE • Seeding • Direct • HGHG • Single Stage • Multiple Stage • Seed Sources • Ti:Sapphire with OPA • Harmonic Generation in Gas

  16. FEL II Concept • Harmonic Generation in Gas • Consulted experts • A. L’Huillier • A. De Silvestri • M. Murnane • H. Kapteyn • Direct Seeding • Need 10s of kWatts or better • The higher the power the shorter the undulator and the higher the “signal to noise ratio” (SASE contamination) • Still not easily tunable • But may be able to use a continuum and allow the FEL to differentiate • But can you get 3 nm with any type of reasonable system? • Would like 100 MW or better for effective modulation • May be possible down to roughly 50 to 60 nm. Beyond that no. • Even then flexible wavelength tuning still not proven in the lab • This could allow “single” stage operation down to maybe 3 nm • But really it is a cascade as the HHG system is the first stage • 60/3 is still 20, a big harmonic number

  17. FEL II Concept • Harmonic Generation in Gas (Cont.) • “Low” Harmonic Generation • Might be able to get tunable radiation in the 60 to 70 nm range by looking at a low harmonic driven by a harmonic from the Ti:S • Conclude • One gets many opinions but there are no operational systems that meet the performance criteria that we need. • R&D needs to be done with HHG sources before they can truly be counted on as a primary seed source for the FEL • They will also certainly be the source of choice in the future, but today there is still plenty of R&D to be done. • Final Conclusion as to what FEL II should look like • 2 stage cascage HGHG with upgrade path to HHG

  18. Slide by DeNinno

  19. Energy 1.6GeV Horizontal polarization Slide Provided by G. DeNinno K Period mm good low Gap mm

  20. Energy 1.6GeV Circular polarization Slide Provided by G. DeNinno K Period mm good low Gap mm

  21. Energy 1.6GeV Vertical polarization Slide Provided by G. DeNinno K Period mm good low Gap mm

  22. Slide by DeNinno

  23. DeNinno et al.

  24. FEL II x x FEL2+ at 1.5 GeV FEL2+ at 1.8 GeV

  25. FEL I and FEL II Operations Slide Provided by G. DeNinno

  26. Progress with the PC Gun σx = 0.57 mm σy = 0.65 mm Qbunch= 200 pC Energy = 5.2 MeV (115 MV/m) Emittancey (@1500mm) = 2.2 mm mrad Installation at MAX Lab Laser Profile

  27. Civil Engineering • Civil Construction • Linac Extension to be completed end of February 2009 • “Main FERMI” constuction in review process • Expect Start of construction April 2009

  28. Construction as of Today

  29. “Main FERMI” Construction

  30. Chart provided by Svandrlik

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