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This lesson reviews the Electromagnetic Spectrum (EMS), detailing its various energy bands including visible light, infrared, and radio waves. It explains pixels as the smallest units of digital images, crucial for satellite imagery interpretation. Students compare satellite images with aerial views to identify land cover, using color coding for different features such as vegetation and urban areas. The importance of ground truthing—validating satellite data with field observations—is emphasized. Group activities encourage collaboration and deepen understanding of these concepts.
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review • Electromagnetic Spectrum (definition): • The range of energy which contains parts or bands: visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, microwave (radar), gamma ray, x-ray and radio. • Different parts of the EM Spectrum have different wavelengths and frequencies.
Review Cont. • Pixels (definition): • The smallest unit of a digital picture. • Satellite images are made up of a matrix of many pixels each with its own value. • Colors represent the reflected light energy.
IMAGE INTERPRETATION • Compare this satellite image to the view from an airplane window – write in notebook • List visual clues that help identify different kinds of land cover. • Hint: geometric shapes usually indicate human-made areas. • Image interpretation is the initial stage of land cover mapping • Remember ground truthing is a technique that uses field observations to determine the accuracy of a land cover map made from a satellite image.
Color code to image interpretation • Red: vegetation with high photosynthetic activity (growing grass or trees in full leaf) • Orange: Vegetation that is not currently photosyntheticaly active, lawns • Green: deciduous forest areas • Blue/Purple: concrete, roads, cities, other impervious surfaces • Blue/Black: water • Burnt/Brownish Orange: mix of deciduous trees and lawns; suburban areas
Activity:Ground Truthing • Group work – 6 groups • Pass out worksheets by group • Compare the ground data to their map for the same area and present their findings to the class • Using the satellite image, find other areas with the same spectral signature (i.e. same ground cover) • Do we need to adjust our class definition of Ground Truthing? Look at your definitions.
summarize • Why is ground validation (ground truthing) so important for interpreting satellite imagery?
Venn Diagram Foldable: Evaluate ground truthing & remote Sensing
Questions & Diagram What technology do scientists still need to invent?