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Geology 103 Sedimentology and Stratigraphy Tim Horner Geology Department, CSU Sacramento

SACRAMENTO. STATE. Geology 103 Sedimentology and Stratigraphy Tim Horner Geology Department, CSU Sacramento. Lecture #2: Siliciclastic rock identification (shale, siltstone and conglomerate) Reading assignment: Boggs, 5 th ed., pp. 101-122. Changes in clay

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Geology 103 Sedimentology and Stratigraphy Tim Horner Geology Department, CSU Sacramento

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  1. SACRAMENTO STATE Geology 103Sedimentology and StratigraphyTim HornerGeology Department, CSU Sacramento Lecture #2: Siliciclastic rock identification (shale, siltstone and conglomerate) Reading assignment: Boggs, 5th ed., pp. 101-122

  2. Changes in clay composition with age of sediment Figure 5.12 from Sedimentology and Stratigraphy, 4thed., by Boggs, p. 142

  3. Siltstone and shale classification Table 5.7 from Sedimentology and Stratigraphy, 5thed., by Boggs, p. 121

  4. Effect of grain size on composition From Blatt, Middleton and Murray, Origin of Sedimentary Rocks, 1980

  5. From Table 5.1 (Boggs, 4th edition, p. 121): • Quartz = 65% of the average sandstone and • 30% of the average shale • Feldspar = 10-15% of the average sandstone and • 5% of the average shale • - Is less stable • - Includes potassium feldspar (orthoclase, • microcline... and plagioclase (albite through anorthite) • Rock fragments = 10-15% of the average sandstone • - are rare in shale

  6. From Table 5.2 (Boggs, 4th edition, p. 128): • Average chemical composition of a sandstone: • SiO2 = 55-65% • Al2O3 = 5-15% • Fe2O3 = 2-5% • Na2O, K2O, CaO, P2O5 = 1-2% • Others: (trace metals, rare earth elements, etc) <<1%

  7. Conglomerate classification Figure 5.10 from Sedimentology and Stratigraphy, 5thed., by Boggs, p. 116

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