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The Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI)

The Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI). Presented to: APEC Aviation Emissions Task Force Singapore By: Kurt Edwards Senior International Advisor Office of Environment and Energy Date: September 15, 2009. Aviation Environmental Drivers. GLOBAL CLIMATE. NOISE.

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The Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI)

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  1. The Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI) Presented to: APEC Aviation Emissions Task Force Singapore By: Kurt Edwards Senior International Advisor Office of Environment and Energy Date: September 15, 2009

  2. Aviation Environmental Drivers GLOBAL CLIMATE NOISE AIR QUALITY WATER QUALITY ENERGY • Aviation impacts community noise footprints, air quality, water quality, energy usage and availability, and the global climate. • Trends show environmental impacts from aircraft noise and aviation emissions will be a critical constraint on capacity growth. • Fundamental changes ongoing from economic downturn, fuel costs, and financial turmoil. • The challenge is to ensure energy availability and affordability and reducing aviation’s environmental footprint, even with projected aviation growth

  3. Tackling Aviation Environmental Challenges NextGen Vision Provide environmental protection that allows sustained aviation growth Key Initiatives: • Continued Local Mitigation • Better Scientific Understanding • Accelerate Operational Changes • Mature New Aircraft Technology • Develop Alternative Fuels • Policy Options

  4. U.S. Strategy to Reduce Aviation’s Carbon Footprint (Relative CO2 increase) growth w/ currently available solutions 1.50 w/ operational improvements w/ technology improvements Possible standards? w/ alternate fuels 1.00 carbon neutral growth Market-based measures? 2005 2015 2025

  5. The Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuel Initiative (CAAFI) • A consortium of government agencies, airlines, manufacturers, airports, and current and prospective fuel suppliers • Foster thedevelopment and deployment of alternative jet fuels • Share Information and Coordinate researchand development of alternative jet fuels, including technical specifications, environmental assessment, production and distribution • To enhance energy security, aviation economics and environment

  6. Who is CAAFI? Members Consultants Universities Aircraft OEMs Think Tanks Aircraft Engine OEMs Air Transport Association Aircraft Equip Cos IATA ATA NetJets NRC Canada AerospaceIndustriesAssociation Air Cargo Airlines ANP Brazil ACI AIA CAAFI ALPA Bauhaus Airports Council International – North America Airport Operators UK MoD FAA ASTM Federal Aviation Administration CRC Oil Companies Sponsors Bio-Fuels Companies Energy Companies ICAO NIST NASA DESC USAF US Army DARPA USN USDA DOC DOE

  7. CAAFI Structure and Strategy Generate Demand & Target Funding Generate Ideas/Solutions Assess Impact Enable Supply Certification-Qualification Panel Environmental Panel Business & Economics Panel R&D Panel

  8. Fuel Certification Timeline 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Hydrogenated Renewable Jet (HRJ) 100% Fuel ASTM Approval Hydrogenated Renewable Jet (HRJ) 50% Blend ASTM Approval Hydrogenated Renewable Jet (HRJ) Fuel Evaluation ASTM Approval of Generic 50/50 Fischer-Tropsch Blend

  9. R&D: Feedstocks Roadmap

  10. Three Successful HRJ Biojet Flight Programs * GraphicsCourtesy J. Holmgren, UOP Feedstock: Jatropha oil • Successful ANZ Flight Demo Date: December 30 2008 Feedstock: Jatropha and algal oil • Successful CO Flight Demo Date: Jan. 7 2009 Feedstock: Camelina, Jatropha and algal oil • Successful JAL Flight Demo Date: Jan. 30 2009

  11. Environment: Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) Need to determine “well-to-wake” life-cycle emissions Fossil feedstock Bio feedstock

  12. Environment: Land Requirement for 2050 Aviation Biofuels Assessed fuel usage projections - 2050 usage. Assessed land requirements to replace conventional jet fuel with 50/50 biofuel blend and 100% biofuel. Need feedstocks with high yield and low life cycle emissions that do not require arable land. Source: GIACC/4 (2009). Subject to modification.

  13. Business: Facilitating a Future Market Morgan Stanley OPIS (Oil Pricing) Solarc (Taxes) Colonial Pipeline Magellan Pipeline Kinder Morgan Alt Fuel Producers Airlines & Operators Potential Funding Sources GE PW JetBlue NetJets Northwest Southwest Star Alliance United US Airways UPS A2BE Carbon Capture Adv Bio-Energy Tech’s Agromass Biofuels Air BP Amyris Biotech Baard Energy Chevron ConocoPhillips Neste Oil ATA ALPA Alaska American Continental Delta FedEx Airbus Boeing SASOL Shell Solazyme SolArc PetroSA Syntroleum UOP

  14. Closing Thoughts • Aviation dependent on hydrocarbon based liquid fuels • Concentrated Airport Distribution allows rapid deployment (e.g., 80% of fuel in 35 locations in U.S.) • Timely Fuel Certification crucial for market • Establishing GHG LCA crucial for decisions (policy and investment) • Alternative fuels are technically feasible but need to get to deployment • CAAFI helping to bring these pieces together • Global harmonization key

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