Julie Pangrac Literacy Program Coordinator Project READ Decatur, Il (217) 423-7323

1. Who Holds the Pencil? Who Does the Most Talking? IACEA Annual Statewide Conference March 9, 2011 Julie Pangrac Literacy Program Coordinator Project READ Decatur, Il (217) 423-7323 jpangrac@richland.edu http://projectread.richland.edu

2. The Paradigm X They won’t learn. X They’re lazy. X They’re not trying. X They can’t learn. X They aren’t smart enough.

3. The New Paradigm They can learn if we work with them in the ways they learn best

4. The GOAL They will gain knowledge/skills, confidence and the ability to help themselves.

5. Remember Learning new information in new ways is DIFFICULT.

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8. Remember We often do NOT “see” the same things in the same ways at the same times. But we act as if we do.

11. Remember We often “see” what we EXPECT to see. It is DIFFICULT to break old habits.

14. The Matthew Effect The Rich get Richer The Poor get Poorer

15. Matthew Effect Has problems reading Dislikes reading Reads less Learns less from reading • Vocabulary • Background Knowledge • Written Language and Structure

16. Result Spirals Downward Blames SELF Feels Shame The Cognitive Process is Disrupted

17. The GOAL CHANGE the direction of the spiral from Failure leads to Failure leads to Failure toFailure leads to Success Adopt a Failing Forward Attitude

18. Ways to Succeed • Multi-sensory learning • Brain-based learning • Questioning

19. Find out what’s in their brain and share what’s in yours

20. RECALL Facts and Knowledge Who? What? Where? When? Where Are the Answers? Right there. In the Text

21. Higher Thinking Students use knowledge to support an answer with logically reasoned evidence.

22. Higher Thinking How? Why? Where Are the Answers? “In my mind.” “In my mind with the text.”

23. One of the best teaching tools you have is to ask “WHY?”

24. WHY? allows you to see what and how students are thinking

25. WHY? makes the STUDENT “work” The one who does the work is the one who learns. Tell me and I forget. Show me and I remember. Involve me and I understand. Chinese Proverb

26. Who holds the pencil? Who does the most talking?

27. ? ? ? ? Ask Why? ? ? ? ? ? ? How much time passes between quarter after 4 and quarter to 5? “10 minutes.”

28. ? ? ? ? Ask Why? ? ? ? ? ? ? Is Marilyn Monroe gorgeous? “No!”

29. ? ? ? ? Ask Why? ? ? ? ? ? ? How would you use the piece of canvas? “For the fishing hook.”

30. ? ? ? ? Ask Why? ? ? ? ? ? ? What does clam mean? “You know----with the ladder.”

31. ? ? ? Ask Why? ? ? ? ? ? Is 372,354 Odd or Even? 1 3 5 7 9 0 2 4 6 8 “Odd.”

32. ? ? ? Ask Why? ? ? ? ? ? ? Where is Springfield? CHICAGO Springfield “In Southern Illinois.”

33. Prove it. Show me. Tell me. Teach me.

34. Weak Questions “Do you know what this means?” “Do you understand?” “Do you need help?” “Do you have any questions?” “What don’t you understand?”

35. Give a CHOICE Question Is Africa a country or a continent? Are you sure or are you guessing?

36. The Best “Questions” Statements that ask a student to SHOW you what they know or don’t know. “Tell me what ___________ means.” “Repeat what I said/what you read in your own words.” “Teach me how to_______________.” “Give me an example.” “Use it in a sentence.” “Talk about it.” “Tell me what you’re thinking.”

37. A good answer may be I don’t know. I don’t remember. I don’t understand. I don’t have enough information.

38. Feedback Praise must be Specific Great. Very interesting. Good for you. You’re on a roll now. WOW! Right on. Keep up the good work. That’s great. Fantastic. That’s better than ever. Much better Perfect. Terrific. How impressive. Nice going. You really outdid yourself today. Good job. Super. Excellent work. Good for you. You’ve got it now.

39. Feedback NOT Right or Wrong Immediate follow-up Questions Feedback determines how students react.

42. Wait Time 1 second 3-5 seconds 1-2 minutes After Question After Response WAITWAIT Uninterrupted silence

43. Give them TIME Wait…………… Explicitly say, “I will give you as much time as you need. Let me know when you want help or have a question.” Wait…………… “What are you thinking?” “How can I help you?” “Where are you stuck?” Give information and WAIT.

44. Do not encourage guessing How many continents are there? What number comes after six? Hint There are less than 10. It starts with an s. Did you count the continent that starts with an A? Cues or Prompts Close your eyes and try to see the map. Try to name the western hemisphere continents first.

45. Ask WHY? even when they give the correct answer. Students will begin to think BEFORE they answer rather than AFTER.

46. Tell student “You can ask me Questions before I ask you Questions.”

47. The GOAL • Students will generate questions on their own. • Students will learn effective self-talk.

48. Strategy for Multiple Choice Find a Match Information: Hibernation usually happens in the winter when animals sleep through the cold weather. Question: Hibernation usually happens which season? Answer: spring summer fall winter

49. Strategy for Multiple Choice a b c d e Pick One! Sometimes you’re right; sometimes you’re wrong.

50. Strategy for Multiple Choice a b c d e Read ALL of the choices.