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Understanding Non-Communicable Diseases: Symptoms, Treatments, and Impact on Lives

This article provides an overview of various non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, diabetes (Type I and II), arthritis, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, Reye's syndrome, sickle-cell anemia, muscular dystrophy, lupus, and asthma. It outlines their symptoms, potential treatments, and the importance of lifestyle management. By understanding these conditions, individuals can recognize early signs and seek appropriate medical care, enhancing the quality of life for those affected.

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Understanding Non-Communicable Diseases: Symptoms, Treatments, and Impact on Lives

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  1. Non-Communicable Diseases

  2. Alzheimer’s Disease • Deterioration of a person’s brain functions and memory at an early age • Symptoms: repeating a lot, misplacing items, getting lost • Treated with medication and diet

  3. Epilepsy • Brain disorder causing seizures • Symptoms: seizures or convulsions • Treatment: brain surgery or medication • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Jnv6i58A_Q&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecDdqCKJGac&feature=related

  4. Diabetes; Type I • Type I- usually diagnosed in childhood • The body doesn’t produce enough or any insulin • Symptoms include: increased thirst, fatigue, nausea and vomiting • Usually people have an insulin pump or give themselves shots • Must eat regularly and exercise to control diabetes

  5. Diabetes; Type II • Usually occurs in adulthood • Now happening much earlier in life because of obesity epidemic • The body doesn’t make enough insulin to keep glucose levels normal • Symptoms: thirst, urination, big appetite, fatigue, blurred vision, slow healing with infection • Linked to age, weight and physical activity • Treatment; exercise, proper diet, medications

  6. Arthritis • Painful inflammation of the joints • Symptoms: joint pain, joint swelling, redness around the joint, reduced mobility • Treatment: exercise, heat/cold treatment, medication, sometimes surgery

  7. Cerebral Palsy • Loss of body movement or nerve functions because of brain injuries at birth • Symptoms: seizures, muscle contractions, possible mental retardation & limited range of motion • Treatment: physical therapy, braces, glasses, hearing aids, medications and surgery

  8. Multiple Sclerosis • Disorder of the brain and spinal cord as a result of damage to the nerve cells • Symptoms: weakness, paralysis, tremors, numbness, tingling, dizziness • Treatment: medication, therapy • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgySDmRRzxY • http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=84ZsQaNqELg

  9. Reye’s Syndrome • Potentially fatal disease involving harm to the liver and brain • Symptoms: excessive vomiting, signs of brain impairment (disorientation, spasms and stupor) • Treatment: hospitalization to stop brain swelling

  10. Sickle-Cell Anemia • Red blood cells are misshaped and cannot carry iron to pick up oxygen • get stuck more easily in small blood vessels, and break into pieces that interrupt healthy blood flow.

  11. Muscular Dystrophy • Disorder characterized by muscle weakness and loss of muscle tissue • Symptoms: muscle weakness, low muscle tone, curved spine, possible mental retardation • Treatment: therapy, braces and surgery • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVR0le9gRfU&feature=related

  12. Lupus • Autoimmune means your immune system cannot tell the difference between these foreign invaders and your body’s healthy tissues • Lupus is also a disease of flares (the symptoms worsen and you feel ill) and remissions (the symptoms improve and you feel better). Lupus can range from mild to life-threatening and should always be treated by a doctor.

  13. Asthma • Bronchial tubes become inflamed (swollen) , fill with mucus and impede breathing

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