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PATRICIANS

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PATRICIANS

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  1. Cicero’s SpeechWhen there is a king, only the king has many rights. The people have only a small share in deciding. In an oligarchy, the power does not belong to all the people. In a democracy, it is hard for men to rise as leaders. King Cyrus of Persia believed in one-man rule. He was a just and wise man. But one-man rule can easily become tyranny. The government of Massiliais an oligarchy. It is run by a few leading men. But for the common people, this government means something like slavery. Look at the Athenians and their democracy. They did not allow one man to rise above the others. So, they did not have strong leaders and their state became weak. Kings can appeal to us by being kind and fatherly. Oligarchies can be efficient, fair, and intelligent. Democracies can promise freedom. So it is hard to make a choice. I do not approve of any of these alone. I would like a government that combines all three.

  2. Q: What kind of government did they have in the era of the Roman Republic?A: A Republic (Res Publica)-- They tried a mix of all types---The people have a role in the government---Based on Checks and Balances---Model for many modern countries today

  3. Big Unit Question: How did Rome rise to greatness and fall so quickly?Think:Did this government structure make Rome strong or weak?How would you (as your character) feel about this structure?

  4. PATRICIANS PLEBIANS SENATE ASSEMBLY MAGISTRATES 2 CONSULS TRIBUNES EMERGENCY DICTATOR

  5. PATRICIANS PLEBIANS PLEBIANS: MAJORITY OF POPULATION SOME WEALTHY, SOME NOT PATRICIANS: WEALTHY 10% OF POPULATION ASSEMBLY • Who voted in the ASSEMBLY: • All male citizens of military age (15) could participate • Announcement posted about a vote • Met outside in the Forum • Speeches were given, debates held • Voting was public • Role of Assembly • Elected Government Officials • Voted on laws suggested by Senators • Declared War or Peace

  6. Analyze:Was the Assembly fair?Did the Assembly have a lot of power or influence?How might public voting affect the results?If you wanted to be elected to government office, who would you have to please?

  7. PATRICIANS PLEBIANS SENATE ASSEMBLY MAGISTRATES 2 CONSULS TRIBUNES EMERGENCY DICTATOR

  8. 2 Consuls • Ran the Government, had to agree on all decisions • Served 1 year, then not again for at least 10 • Had to be Patricians • Controlled the army • Acted as judges in disputes—arrest and punish • Magistrates • Government officials: judges, organized festivals, collected taxes, supervised building projects etc. • Usually elected for 1 year • Could be either patrician or plebian • 10 Tribunes • Elected by Plebians only • Could attend the Senate • Could veto (forbid) laws debated by Senate • Served 1 year ASSEMBLY MAGISTRATES 2 CONSULS TRIBUNES

  9. Analyze:How were the rights of the lower classes represented?How were the rights of the upper class represented?How did the Romans make sure the Consuls didn’t have too much power?If the Assembly wanted to declare war, who’s support would they need?How would people holding office for only 1 year affect the running of the government?

  10. PATRICIANS PLEBIANS SENATE ASSEMBLY MAGISTRATES 2 CONSULS TRIBUNES EMERGENCY DICTATOR

  11. Senate • 300 members • Served for Life • Had to be Patricians • Usually were retired magistrates • Chosen by the Consuls • Advised the Consuls and the Tribunes • Came up with the ideas for laws • Controlled the money, determined taxes • Could veto laws accepted by the Assembly • Made all decisions regarding foreign powers (treaties, trade etc.) SENATE MAGISTRATES

  12. Analyze:How could the Senate limit the power of the Assembly?Could the Assembly limit the power of the Senate?If the Assembly wanted to declare war and the Consuls agreed, how could the Senate keep it from happening?How would the fact that Senators served for life affect the decision making process?Why is the Senate often considered the most powerful part of the Roman government?

  13. PATRICIANS PLEBIANS SENATE ASSEMBLY MAGISTRATES 2 CONSULS TRIBUNES EMERGENCY DICTATOR

  14. Emergency Dictator • In times of emergency, consuls could appoint a ‘temporary’ dictator • This person would serve for as long as the Consuls and Senate decided (ex: 15 days, 6 months) • Dictators did not need approval for decisions • Still ‘guided’ by Senate and Consuls and Assembly • When the time of crisis was over, things returned to normal 2 CONSULS EMERGENCY DICTATOR

  15. Analyze:How could the ‘emergency dictator’ rule help Rome?How could the ‘emergency dictator rule’ hurt Rome?

  16. Where in the Roman Republic do you see evidence of:Monarchy?Oligarchy?Democracy?Dictatorship?

  17. To Do:1. Download your journal assignment sheet2. Download the ‘better vocabulary’ document3. With your table, discuss the important facts of the class, type them in the fact box4. With your group, discuss the way your characters may feel about the government structure. Try to use ‘better vocabulary’ to discuss.5. Write your paragraph diary entry. Make references to the facts (explain them) and explain how your character feels.

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