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NHTSA’s Safety Priorities and Strategies

NHTSA’s Safety Priorities and Strategies. PRESENTED BY Ronald L. Medford November 4, 2009. US Historical Fatality Data. Fatality Rate. Injury Rate. Fatality and Injury Rates per 100 Million VMT, by Year. 2. NHTSA Major Accomplishments. Major Rulemakings Completed

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NHTSA’s Safety Priorities and Strategies

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  1. NHTSA’s Safety Priorities and Strategies PRESENTED BY Ronald L. Medford November 4, 2009

  2. US Historical Fatality Data Fatality Rate Injury Rate Fatality and Injury Rates per 100 Million VMT, by Year 2

  3. NHTSA Major Accomplishments • Major Rulemakings Completed • FMVSS 126 – ESC (Effective June 5, 2007, 100% Light Vehicles by MY2012) • FMVSS 214 – Side Impact Protection (Effective November 13, 2007, 100% Light Vehicles by September 1, 2012) • FMVSS 216 – Roof Crush Resistance (Effective July 13, 2009, 100% Light Vehicles by September 1, 2017) • FMVSS 121 – Heavy Truck Tractor Stopping Distance (Effective August 31, 2009) • NCAP Upgrades • Safercar.gov • Child Restraint Ease of Use Ratings • Child Seat Fit Information from Vehicle Manufacturers (Beginning in MY2011) 3

  4. History of NCAP Consumer Information --> Consumer Demand --> Manufacturers Voluntarily Improve Safety Frontal Impact Program (MY 1979) Star ratings implemented (MY 1994) Side Impact (MY 1997) Rollover Resistance (MY 2001) Added dynamic test (MY 2004) Monroney Label (MY 2007) Announced Upgrade (2008)

  5. NCAP Upgrades Keep NCAP Relevant 97% vehicles now receive 4-5 Star ratings (compared to 30% in 1979 if star rating were applied then) Principles for Improvement Must be based on data Distinguish meaningful performance differences between vehicles Increase public awareness of program

  6. NCAP 2011 Frontal – Updated Dummies and Injury Criteria Side – New Dummies and Injury Criteria, Addition of Pole Test Rollover – Will Wait to Update Rollover Risk Model to Allow for More Real World Crash Data with ESC Combined Crashworthiness Rating Advanced Technologies ESC, FCW, LDW Child Seat Fit Information To be provided by manufacturers

  7. NHTSA Challenges • Impairment • Alcohol • Distraction • Vehicle • Motorcycles • Rollover • Heavy truck and motorcoach safety • Kids Transportation Safety • Advanced Technologies and Research • Fuel Economy • Enforcement

  8. Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities and Fatality Rate, by Year Source: FARS, FHWA

  9. Impaired Driving • Develop and Implement State Programs to Reduce Impaired Driving Through High Visibility Enforcement (HVE), Support for Prosecutors & DWI Courts, and Expanded Use of Technology, Such as Ignition Interlocks • Collaborate with State and National Agencies and Organizations, Such as Mothers Against Drunk Driving, to Prevent Driving While Impaired by Drugs or Alcohol and Underage Drinking • Research

  10. Development of Advanced Alcohol Sensing Technology

  11. Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety • A Non-invasive, Seamless Technology to Measure Driver BAC and Reduce the Incidence of Drunk Driving • Development Undertaken as a Step-by-Step, Data-Driven Process to Ensure that Effective Technologies are Developed • Intended to Support a Non-Regulatory, Market-Based Approach to Prevent Drunk Driving • The 5-year Goal is a DADSS Demonstration Vehicle • Phase I (Proof of Concept) is Underway with Three Technology Developers

  12. Driver Distraction A Contributing Factor in 10-25% of Crashes

  13. NHTSA Distraction Research Goal: Reduce Crash Risk Due to Distraction • Improve Understanding of Problem • 6,000 people died last year in crashes with a distracted driver • Enhance data quality and analysis methods • TRB – 2100 vehicle study • Reduce Workload from Interfaces • Information systems should not introduce additional risks • Keep Distracted Drivers Safe • Effectiveness of distraction crash countermeasures should not be reduced by designs that are incompatible with driver capabilities and needs • Technologies to monitor and provide driver feedback on distraction

  14. NHTSA Distraction Research • Recognize Risks and Consequences • Utilize high visibility enforcement of handheld phone laws to change driver attitudes and behavior • Demonstrations launched in NY and CT to test model • Findings available in 18 months

  15. Rollover Activities Safety Belts Electronic Stability Control NCAP Rollover Prevention Ejection Mitigation Roof Strength Rollovers = 2.5% of crashes, 25% of fatalities

  16. Heavy Truck Activities In 2008, 4,229 Fatalities Involved Large Trucks (74% Were Occupants of Other Vehicles, 16% Occupants of Large Trucks, 10% Nonoccupants) • ESC/RSC • NHTSA is currently researching benefits of • Yaw stability systems • Roll stability systems • Yaw + roll stability systems • Heavy Truck Tires • Upgrade to FMVSS 119 • Upgrade endurance test • Add new high speed test

  17. Motorcoach Safety NHTSA is Currently Pursuing Four Priority Strategies in Accordance With the Agency’s 2007 Comprehensive Plan to Address Motorcoach Safety: Installation of seat belts in passenger seating positions, Increased roof strength and rollover protection, Improved evacuation and emergency egress, and Improved fire safety. NHTSA is Considering a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for Installing Lap/Shoulder Belts for All Seating Positions in Motorcoaches Later This Year

  18. Kids Transportation Safety • Kids Transportation Safety Act • Improve rear visibility • Power window safety • Prevent motor vehicle roll away • Not in Traffic Surveillance • Fatalities in non-traffic crashes – 1,159 (221 in backovers) • Crashes that take place in driveways, parking lots, etc. • Fatalities in non-crash incidents – 588 • Hyperthermia (37), hypothermia (14), trunk entrapment(3), power window strangulations(5), etc.

  19. Advanced Technology and Research

  20. Crash PreventionWhat can Advanced Technologies do to Help Prevent Crashes?

  21. Potential for Cooperative Systems • Vehicle Communications Will Enable Advanced and Effective Safety Applications • Potential to Save Thousands of Lives, Every Year • Enables the Concept of Vehicles That Don’t Crash • Additionally, Enables Mobility, Productivity, Environment, and Convenience Functions

  22. V2V Cooperative Systems • Initial Safety Applications • Emergency Electronic Brake Lights • Forward Collision Warning • Blind Spot Warning • Lane Change Warning • Do Not Pass/On-Coming Crash Warning • Intersection Movement Assist • Control Loss Warning

  23. V2V Timeline Current Activities (complete in late 2009) Demonstrate effective safety applications on light vehicles Identify critical interoperability and policy issues Planned Activities (2009 – 2013) Research to support a deployment/regulatory decision Assure interoperability Estimate the safety benefits Examine driver Issues Policy issues (e.g. privacy, security, enforcement)

  24. NHTSA Role on Advanced Technologies • Continue to Encourage the Development, Refinement and Integration of Advanced Technologies • Evaluate Technology Effectiveness • Help Ensure Minimum Performance by Developing Specifications • Encourage the Market (e.g. NCAP) Where Appropriate • Regulate Where Appropriate

  25. Fuel Economy Consistent with President’s Announcement in May, NHTSA and EPA Issued Joint Proposal for New CAFE/GHG Standards for MYs 2012-2016 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks 34.1 mpg CAFE standards in MY 2016 for combined cars and light trucks EPA’s standard includes A/C and requires 250 g/mi in MY 2016 (equivalent to 35.5 mpg if all improvements were fuel economy) EISA (2007) Also Requires Several Other Rulemakings by NHTSA Related to Fuel Economy: Final rule for new rating program for tire rolling resistance Studies by NAS and NHTSA, followed by rulemaking to establish standards for MD/HD trucks Final rule for consumer information and education on fuel economy and GHG emissions, with vehicle rating and labeling

  26. Tire Programs Fuel Efficiency Consumer Information Program Covers passenger car replacement tires Proposed June 22, 2009 Consumer rating regulation by December 2009 ISO 28580 test procedure Ratings for safety (traction) and durability (treadware) Test procedure similar to UTQGS Compliance Program At least 40% of inspected tires in each category are imported tires Compliance inspections and outreach to new tire entrant manufacturers at AAPEX

  27. Aftermarket Brake Pads/Rotors and Drums NHTSA Does Not Have Regulations That Test New Vehicles with these Aftermarket Components Test Methods to Determine Durability and Effectiveness of Aftermarket Linings and Rotors are Independent of the Vehicle Tests are Voluntary and Not Subject to FMVSS

  28. Initiatives to Improve Import Surveillance Published Final Best Importer Practices on NHTSA’s web site in December 2008 Continue Targeted Enforcement of Equipment Items (Tires, Lighting, Child Restraints, etc.) Continue Coordination with CBP at Ports of Entry for Equipment Items and Nonconforming Vehicles Continue New Entrant Manufacturer Education by Working with Appropriate Foreign Countries Continue Active Use of Defect Investigation Authority to Ensure Recalls of Defective Imports

  29. FMVSS 108 – Lighting Issues OVSC Assisted CBP in Investigations Regarding the Importation of Lighting Equipment Resulted in the seizure of approximately 4000 units of lighting equipment which were then destroyed In 2009, OVSC Initiated 33 Investigations of Motor Vehicle Lighting Equipment, which Resulted in 3 Recalls of 5202 Units of Lighting Equipment. OVSC Continues to Investigate Importers and Retailers of High Intensity Discharge (HID) Conversion Kits

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