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Plant Toxins

Plant Toxins. Michelle I. Javier Bachelor in Science in Chemistry For Teachers. What is Toxin ?.

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Plant Toxins

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  1. Plant Toxins Michelle I. Javier Bachelor in Science in Chemistry For Teachers

  2. What is Toxin? • A toxin (from Ancient Greek: τοξικόνtoxikon) is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms; man-made substances created by artificial processes are thus excluded. The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919).

  3. Calabar Bean(PhysostigmaVenenosum) • It is a seed of leguminous plant. • It is commonly found in the tropical part of Africa. • The plant is a large, herbaceous, climbing  perennial, with the stem woody at the base, up to 2 inches (5 cm) in diameter; it has a habit like the scarlet runner, and attains a height of about 50 feet (15 m).

  4. It contains Physostigmine.

  5. Uses • Physostigmine is used to treat myasthenia gravis, glaucoma, Alzheimer's disease and delayed gastric emptying. It has been shown to improve short term memory (Krus et al. 1968). • Recently, it has begun to be used in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension.

  6. Cichona Tree(Cinchona Rubra) • The Cinchona plants are large shrubs or small trees with evergreen foliage, growing 5–15 m (16–49 ft) in height. The leaves are opposite, rounded to lanceolate and 10–40 cm long. • The flowers are white, pink or red, produced in terminal panicles. The fruit is a small capsule containing numerous seeds.

  7. It contains toxin called Quinine.

  8. Uses • Antimalarial •  analgesic (painkilling), • anti-inflammatoryproperties • treat lupus and arthritis • Tonic Water

  9. Risin from the castor oil plant Ricinuscommunis, is a highly toxic, naturally occurring protein.

  10. Uses • treatment of cancer • toxic dust or as a coating for bullets and shrapnel

  11. Toxins from Bacteria

  12. Clostridium Tetani •  is a rodshaped ,anaerobic bacterium of the genus Clostridium • Its appearance is like a  tennis rackets or drumsticks. • C. tetani is found as spores in soil or in the gastrointestinal tract of animals. C. tetani produces a potent biological toxin,tetanospasmin

  13. Botulinum Toxin •  is a protein and neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. • Botulinumtoxin can cause botulism, a serious and life-threatening illness in humans and animals

  14. Uses • BOTOX • Cervical Dystonia • Chronic Migraine • Bruxism

  15. Thank you for Listening!!! شكرمتثل ل Merci a e’couter MaramingsalamatsaPakikinig

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