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René Descartes: Pioneer of Philosophy and Science

René Descartes, born in France in 1596, emerged as a foundational figure in philosophy and science. After obtaining a law license from Poitiers University, his experiences in Germany, including dreams, led to introspection. His seminal work, "Discourse on Method," introduces methodological skepticism and reinforces the concept "Cogito, ergo sum" – "I think, therefore I am". Descartes emphasized proper reasoning, separation of mind and body, and laid groundwork in physics and Cartesian geometry. His philosophical explorations continue to influence contemporary thought.

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René Descartes: Pioneer of Philosophy and Science

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  1. By Collin Rooney René Descartes

  2. Early Life • Born in France – 1596 • Became licensed in law form Poitiers University • While stationed in Germany he had 3 dreams • Thrown down near a college by a whirlwind • Woke up to see sparks in a stove • Finds a dictionary and anthology of ancient Latin Poets by his bed.

  3. Philosophical Work • Regarded as the first person to back up basic scientific concepts with philosophy • Discourse on Method • Makes a set of principles that a person can view as true • Uses Hyperbolical/Metaphysical doubt or methodological skepticism • “Cogito ergo sum” – “I think, therefore I am”

  4. Discourse on Method • Six parts • How to Think Correctly • Said that our knowledge is based on first opinions • The Method of Science • Filter out Doubt • Divide difficulties • Start with the Simplest • Make Lists Tables and Diagrams

  5. Discourse on Method • Morals and Maxims while using Method • 3 Maxims saying he is trying to be a good boy. • Proof of God and the Soul • No doubt, something has to Doubt • “I think, therefore I am.” • Included 3 different proofs of God (Controversy) • Doubt cannot doubt reason because it is made of reason

  6. Discourse on Method • Physics, the heart, the soul of man and animals • Describes scientific laws, talks about nature the moon • Says Body and Soul are separate • Experiments • Shows the application of the method in math and science

  7. Meditations on First Philosophy • Describes his Metaphysical System • Expands his Philosophical System created in Discourse on Method • Six different Meditations – all refer to the later meditation as “yesterday” • Essentially talks about the same stuff as Discourse on Method

  8. Other stuff • In Principles of Philosophy – talks about his Laws of physics or the natural world, Contains Law of Inertia • In Passions of the Soul and The Descriptions of the Human Body he referenced Dualism – separation of mind and body • Cartesian Geometry • First to use superscript notation

  9. And Oh Yeah, HE DIED

  10. Questions?????!???!?...;’’)(

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