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CP Violation for the Heaven and the Earth

CP Violation for the Heaven and the Earth. — Sighting the 4th Generation ?. April 30, 2009 Seminar @ 清華大學. Can all this be understood from my vantage ?. Outline. I. Intro: the Heavenly Attraction II. D A K p Problem — Z Penguin and t’ Loop

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CP Violation for the Heaven and the Earth

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  1. CP Violation for the Heaven and the Earth — Sighting the 4th Generation? April 30, 2009 Seminar @ 清華大學

  2. Can all this be understood from my vantage?

  3. Outline I. Intro: the Heavenly Attraction II. DAKpProblem — Z Penguin and t’ Loop III. DmBs Measurement ➙ Prediction for sin2FBs IV. Soaring to theHeavens : Enough CPV for BAU? V. Direct Sighting @ Tevatron vs LHC VI. Conclusion: Know in 3-5 Years b → s // b ↔ s CPV WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05; PRD’05; PRD’07; PRD’08 Belle, Nature, 452, 20 (2008) WSH, arXiv:0803.1234 [hep/ph]

  4. I. Intro: the Heavenly Attraction

  5. Matter (?) Matter! Antimatter: 0%

  6. (1966) CPV & BAU (& U): The Sakharov View • Baryon Number V iolation • CP Violation • Deviation from Equilibrium 10-9Matterleft! 13Byr Bang Us Pair Annihilation (  Cosmic Microwave Background ) Equal Matter -Antimatter

  7. Sakharov Stimulated by ... Phys. Rev. Lett. 13, 138 (1964) Discovery of CP Violation 1980 Nobel

  8. ui ► W Jm W– gVij ► dj Complex Dynamics: KM Sector of SM Wolfenstein parametrization 3x3 “Rotation” Unitary Need presence of all 3 generations to exhibit CPV in Standard Model

  9. KM CPV Confirmed ~ 2001 the MOMA plot “Nontrivial”

  10. The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008 "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature" "for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics" CPViolation in SM 7 October 2008 B Factories (BaBar & Belle)

  11. Wolfenstein Parametrization to O(5) Unique CPV Phase: Common Area of Triangle N.B. geometric picture

  12. All like-charge quark pairs nondegenerate, • Otherwise  Back to 2-gen. and CPV vanish Jarlskog Invariant (1985) for CPV CPVso far only observed in KM ... • Nontrivial CPV Phase: A (area) • Nontrivial

  13. b  d transitions consistent with SM b  s:the Current Frontier the MOMA plot “Nontrivial”

  14. A Real Hint ! , ... or Not !?

  15. Belle 2008 Nature: Simple Bean Count DAKp =AK+p0-AK+p-=+0.1640.037 4.4s +0.070.03vs-0.0940.020 b → s CPV Difference Is Large ! Difference in Direct CPV in B → Kp And Established Belle + BaBar (+ CDF)

  16. Dispair Obligé Unexpected!

  17. the experimentalist

  18. The Lore/Lure that Despairs the Experimenter

  19. Normalize by T ~ 100 GeV in SM is common (unique) area of triangle The Abyss: CPV in KMand B.A.U. The Lore WMAP Too Small in SM Jarlskog Invariant in SM3 (need 3 generation in KM) EW Phase Transition Temperature Masses too Small! ~ v.e.v. CPV Phase Small, but not Toosmall

  20. (u, d,) s, c, b quarks too light v.e.v. Why Repeat ? “Flavor Problem”

  21. C PEW Wisdom from Peskin on DAKp “hadronic” , SLAC

  22. M. Peskin (private communication) “I must say that I am very skeptical that the new Belle result is new physics -- a larger than expected color suppressed amplitude is an explanation that is ready at hand. On the other hand, I felt that it was necessary to push the new physics interpretation when writing for the Nature audience, people outside of high energy physics, because this is why the result is potentially newsworthy.” Ya, ya! Need 1010anyway ! Me keep crawlin’... colorsuppressed

  23. Measured by Belle/BaBar in Bd J/yKS • Recent Hint @ Tevatron • Consistent with 4th generation • Prediction from DAKp • BSM w/o hadronic uncertainty • iff true. • So what!? The 10-10 Abyss ... sin2FBs< 0 !! ( ≲ 3s) Mixing-dep. CPV in Bd and Bs in SM b → d b → s sin2FBs≃– 0.04 in SM3 Measure in Bs J/yf “possible only at LHCb”

  24. II. DAKpProblem — Z Penguin and t’ Loop the Experimentalist Just when DSfK “disappeared”...

  25. 275M BB New Saga Towards Belle Nature Paper ... ACP(B  K+p0 ) Sakai Kp0 : 728 53 ACP(Kp0) = 0.04  0.05  0.02 hint thatACP(K+p- ) ¹ACP(Kp0 ) ? (2.4s) [also seen by BaBar] d p0 Large EW penguin (Z0) ? New Physics ? _ d B- b s K- u u ICHEP 2004, Beijing

  26. Belle 2004 PRL: Seed Y. Chao, P. Chang et al. by “yours truly” PEW Z’

  27. d p0 _ d B- b s K- u u The Crawlin’ of one Ant Going Up a Hill ...

  28. My first B paper WSH, Willey, Soni dimensions < nondecoupling

  29. Nondecoupling Decoupling Thm: Heavy Masses are decoupled in QED/QCD ∵Appear in Propagator Nondecoupling: Yukawa CouplingslQAppear in Numerator dynamical Subtlety of Spont. Broken Gauge Theory

  30. d p0 _ d B- b s K- u u The Crawlin’ of one Ant ,t’ Embark Going Up a Hill ...

  31. 4thgeneration not in such great conflict with EWPrT • Kribs, Plehn, Spannowsky, Tait, PRD’07 4th Generation Still? - Nn counting? 4th “neutral lepton” heavy Massive neutrinos call for new Physics - Disfavored by EW Precision (see e.g. J. Erler hep-ph/0604035; PDG06

  32. Coming Real Soon Also, Chanowitz 0904

  33. This is Still the Standard Model

  34. d p0 _ d B- b s K- u u GIM Respecting Arhrib and WSH, EPJC’03 t➯t, t’ ,t’ Nondecoupling of t’ CPV Phase ,t’

  35. EWP/Box Sensitivity to 4th Gen. g, g less sensitive (No New Operators) EW penguin QCD penguin nondecoupling

  36. d p0 _ d B- b s K- u u ,t’ ,t’ DA= AK+p0-AK+p- ~ 15% and LO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen. WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05 DA 12% vs 15% (data)

  37. d p0 _ d t, t’ b s B- K- u u NLO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen. Joining C & PEW DA 15% DS  -0.11 consistent with data SM3 input DS DA Both and in Right Direction ! DA= AK+p0-AK+p- ~ 15% and LO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen. WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05 DA 12% vs 15% (data) Can Account for Belle/BaBar Direct CPV Difference WSH, Li, Mishima, Nagashima, PRL’07

  38. _ Z bb b  d x ~ 0.22 4 x 4 Unitarity ➯Z/K Constraints “Typical” CKM Matrix WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’05 Extract Information from Constraints s b d s Nontrivial Satisfy b  d: ✓ Cannot tell triangle from quadrangle b  s

  39. Implication for Current E391A U.L. Grossman-Nir Very hard to measure enhanced to or even higher !! In general larger than !! SM3 To be probed by KOTO @ J-PARC Ratecould be enhanced by up to almost two orders !! ∵ Large CPV Phase

  40. b ↔ s CPV III. DmBs Measurement➙Prediction for sin2FBs the Experimentalist

  41. Measured by Belle/BaBar in Bd J/yKS Mixing-dep. CPV in Bd and Bs in SM b → d b → s sin2FBs≃– 0.04 in SM3 Measure in Bs J/yf

  42. Despite DmBs, B(bsll) SM-like Strength and Size of WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07 Prediction: Large CPV in Bs Mixing b → d b → s t, t ’ t, t ’ sin2FBs ~ -0.5 to -0.7 No Hadronic Uncertainty ... -0.04 SM PRL’05

  43. Bs Mixing vsB  Xsℓ+ℓ- different nondecoupl. functions Large CPV in Bs Mixing

  44. Use nominal mt’ = 300 GeV Change mt’ , Change parameter range Effect the Same. (Similar)

  45. WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385 (PRD’07) SM (high) rsb • Fixed rsb➯ Narrow fsb Range • destructive with top • For rsb ~ 0.02 – 0.03, [Vcb ~ 0.04 • fsb Range ~ 60°-70° CDF2srange FiniteCPV Phase Consistent w/ B(bsll) SM-like ! HFAG 1srange Large CPV Possible ! Despite DmBs, B(bsll) SM-like

  46. WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385 (PRD’07) SM (high) rsb • Fixed rsb➯ Narrow fsb Range • destructive with top • For rsb ~ 0.02 – 0.03, [Vcb ~ 0.04 • fsb Range ~ 60°-70° CDF2srange FiniteCPV Phase Consistent w/ B(bsll) SM-like ! HFAG 1srange Large CPV Possible ! Despite DmBs, B(bsll) SM-like

  47. Despite DmBs, B(bsll) SM-like WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05 Prediction: Large CPV in Bs Mixing WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07 SM (high) rsb Bs Mixing Measured @ Tevatron in 4/2006 • Fixed rsb➯ Narrow fsb Range • destructive with top • For rsb ~ 0.02 – 0.03, [Vcb ~ 0.04 • fsb Range ~ 60°-70° CDF2srange FiniteCPV Phase sin2FBs ~ -0.5 - -0.7 ? -0.04 SM

  48. Prediction: Large CPV in Bs Mixing WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07 SM (high) rsb DAKp, DS CDF2srange Can Large CPV in Bs Mixing Be Measured @ Tevatron ? Sure thing by LHCb ca. 2010 (?) Sign Predicted ! sin2FBs ~ -0.5 - -0.7 ? -0.04 SM Despite DmBs, B(bsll) SM-like WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05

  49. sin2FBs~ -0.5 --0.7 WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07 arXiv:0712.2397 [hep.ex] arXiv:0802.2255 [hep.ex] 3.7s +0.16 -0.14 sin2FBs=-0.64 UTfit arXiv:0803.0659 [hep.ph] (already in 05) PRL’08 PRL’08 Further ICHEP’08 Updates (CDF/DØ/fitters): Strengthen ! ~2.8s ± ? Incredible !!!

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