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Water Services Trust Fund

Up-scaling Basic Sanitation for the Urban Poor Programme (UBSUP). Water Services Trust Fund. Eng. Jacqueline Musyoki CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Water Services Trust Fund. Overview of Presentation. Sanitation situation. Sanitation situation……. Urban sanitation coverage figures.

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Water Services Trust Fund

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  1. Up-scaling Basic Sanitation for the Urban Poor Programme (UBSUP) Water Services Trust Fund Eng. Jacqueline Musyoki CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Water Services Trust Fund

  2. Overview of Presentation

  3. Sanitation situation

  4. Sanitation situation…….. Urban sanitation coverage figures Percentage of households with specific sanitation practice in Kenya’s urban LIAs (Source: MajiData)

  5. Sanitation challenges • Low access to sanitation at the household/plot levels • Limited network of sewer systems (settlement & town level) • Few WSPs with functioning wastewater treatment plants • Poor designs of affordable and sustainable sanitation solutions for the poor • Lack of water to improve hygiene • Poor sanitation monitoring and tracking for reporting • Over-expectation that waterborne solutions will be implemented in urban low income areas • Non-prioritization of urban low income areas

  6. WSTF’s Interventions Designing public sanitation concept: • Construction of public sanitation facilities in market places and bus parks • Sewer line extension in low income urban areas Impact so far: • Total of 13 public sanitation facilities constructed • 10,400 beneficiaries • Total of about 9km of sewer line extended • 30,400 expected total beneficiaries

  7. Need for Up-Scaling • Up-scaling Basic Sanitation for the Urban Poor (UBSUP) is a 5-year joint project of WSTF and GIZ jointly financed by KfW and BMGF • Highlights • Improve the living conditions of the urban poor • Enable the residents to practice sound hygiene practices • Targets the population of the urban low income areas in Kenya with dire need of sanitation intervention • Develop standards for replication • Embedded on UPC structures • Elaborate on an up-scaling concept

  8. UBSUP Programme.. Objectives • Provide sustainable sanitation for 800,000 and reach 200,000 with safe water • Establish a monitoring system for tracking access to safe water & basic sanitation facilities • Enhance active participation in the provision of basic sanitation to the urban by other stakeholders • Develop a sanitation up-scaling concept in line with the sector reforms

  9. UBSUP approach • Sanitation subsidy approach • Performance (output) based approach /result based financing • Principle of full sanitation value chain • Specifically targets the population of the urban low income areas in Kenya Sanitation value chain

  10. UBSUP approach.. • Management and Operation of decentralized treatment facilities • Done by Water Service Providers (lease agreements) under regulation • Assets to be owned by WSPs on behalf of the county governments • Exhauster Operators • WSPs (under regulation) • Private operators (all to be brought under regulation)/Reduce required permits • Avail more short distance sludge disposal points at DTF

  11. UBSUP approach.. 3. Manual/Mechanical sludge emptiers • Provide private services • Shall be trained, equipped and brought under regulation • Stop rampant dumping in water surfaces and environment • Avail sludge disposal points at DTF 4. Trained Artisans/small scale Entrepreneurs • Provide construction mad maintenance services 5. Private Sector : Manufacturing sanitation components

  12. Key Considerations and programme approaches • Targeting households and plots • Customer aided design (affordable and easy to construct) • Emphasis on “on-site sanitation” options • Financing through Water Service Providers • Sound marketing of sanitation to create demand • Subsidized construction of the facilities • Sustainable sludge management • Targeting planned urban low income areas • Promotion of reuse of treated waste

  13. Key considerations and programme approaches.. Minimum standards and service levels • The Water Sector Sanitation Concept-WSSC 2009 • Safe sanitation shall fulfill the requirements of the human rights to sanitation and shall only be counted as sustainable access to safe sanitation if safe disposal of effluent and excreta is guaranteed • Human rights criteria (safe to access and use, physically accessible, affordable for the users, culturally acceptable) • National Environmental Sanitation and Hygiene Policy of 2007 • Protecting the environment from pollution and negative effects on human health • Identifying appropriate technologies

  14. Key considerations and programme approaches.. Minimum standards and service levels.. 3. UBSUP Studies • Result of study conducted in low income areas (LIAs) of 11 towns • Analysis of the current sanitation practices in Kenya • Feedback from the users

  15. Key considerations and programme approaches.. Target groups • Those with poor sanitation facilities • Develop appropriate safe sanitation facilities (dry and water based) • Develop appropriate corresponding sludge management facilities • Establish appropriate corresponding sanitation service delivery chain

  16. Key considerations and programme approaches.. Target groups.. 2. Those with poor sanitation facilities • Develop appropriate safe sanitation facilities (dry and water based) • Develop appropriate corresponding sludge management facilities • Establish appropriate corresponding sanitation service delivery chain

  17. Adapted Technical Options

  18. Service Delivery • Management and Operation of decentralized treatment facilities • Done by Water Service Providers (lease agreements) under regulation • Assets to be owned by WSPs on behalf of the county governments • Exhauster Operators • WSPs (under regulation) • Private operators (all to be brought under regulation)/Reduce required permits • Avail more short distance sludge disposal points at DTF

  19. Service Delivery.. 3. Manual/Mechanical sludge emptiers • Provide private services • Shall be trained, equipped and brought under regulation • Stop rampant dumping in water surfaces and environment • Avail sludge disposal points at DTF 4. Trained Artisans/small scale Entrepreneurs • Provide construction mad maintenance services 5. Private Sector : Manufacturing sanitation components

  20. Sanitation social marketing • Systematic data collection and analysis to develop appropriate marketing strategies with changing times and circumstances • Making toilet designs , emptying services and promoting behaviors that fit the felt needs of the consumers/users • Strategic approach to promoting improved sanitation, emptying services, and good hand washing behaviors • Methods for effective distribution of SafiSan toilets so that when demand is created at area, town level, consumers know where and how to get the products, services, or behaviors

  21. Sanitation social marketing • Improving the adoption of improved sanitation, emptying services, or behaviors and increasing the willingness of consumers/users to contribute something in exchange for improved sanitation • Cost effective Pricing so that the product or service is affordable

  22. UBSUP Funding What does WSTF fund? • Awareness programme • Social marketing programme & materials including social animators • Training of manual emptiers & exhausters • Demonstration plot level toilets • Construction of DEWATS & drying beds • Demonstration fields for use of soil conditioner

  23. UBSUP Funding.. • Training of DEWATS operators • DEWATS operation package • Branding & certification of WSP infrastructure & operators/emptiers • Subsidies for toilets • What does wstf not fund? • Acquisition of sites (DEWATS, drying beds) • Operation of decentralized treatment facilities

  24. WSTF Challenges • Sanitation not always a priority for households or for government officials • Institutional transformation weak • Lack of awareness of the real and perceived difficulties • Lack of attention to O & M of critical sanitation options like dry onsite sanitation options • Regulatory framework is weak, does not encourage and support private initiatives in the provision of sanitation services • Informal areas growing faster than sanitation service provision and available solutions

  25. WSTF Challenges.. • Land issues as the poor and informal communities • Development of sound and sustainable up-scaling concepts usually takes time • Limited technical options for varying sanitation needs and user preferences • Lack of clear incentives to the WSPs to motivate them into supporting the programme (most WSPs prefer sewerage to on-site sanitation) • Sanitation has low priority among the low income population delaying roll out • Existing policies on sanitation

  26. UBSUP budget and timeline

  27. Opportunity for WSTF’s vision for future • The project is set within the broader context of Ministries’ national specific objectives and strategy • Constitution considers adequate sanitation to be a human right • Alignment to devolution • Opportunity to contribute to sanitation target in the MDGs: To halve the proportion of people without access to basic sanitation by 2015 • Development of adaptable technologies • Contribution to the standardisation of on-site sanitation • Contribution to Vision 2030

  28. THANK YOU!!!

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