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Mating Systems

Mating Systems. Laksmis Cornejo, Sara Nishikawa, Shannon Oki. Certain ecological factors determine the degree to which mates can be defended or monopolized. Hypotheses. Prerequisite: economic monopoly of several mates

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Mating Systems

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  1. Mating Systems Laksmis Cornejo, Sara Nishikawa, Shannon Oki Emlen, S.T., Oring, L.W. (1977). Ecology, Sexual Selection, and the Evolution of Mating Systems. Science, 197, 215-223

  2. Certain ecological factors determine the degree to which mates can be defended or monopolized Hypotheses Emlen, S.T., Oring, L.W. (1977). Ecology, Sexual Selection, and the Evolution of Mating Systems. Science, 197, 215-223

  3. Prerequisite: economic monopoly of several mates • OSR: the average ratio of fertilizable females to sexually active males at any given time • an imbalance in the OSR skewed toward males then there is a greater chance of polygamy Polygamy Emlen, S.T., Oring, L.W. (1977). Ecology, Sexual Selection, and the Evolution of Mating Systems. Science, 197, 215-223

  4. Neither sex has the opportunity of monopolizing additional members of the opposite sex • Considerable parental care by both parents is required for successful rearing of the young Monogamy Emlen, S.T., Oring, L.W. (1977). Ecology, Sexual Selection, and the Evolution of Mating Systems. Science, 197, 215-223

  5. Individual males frequently control or gain access to multiple females • Resource defense polygyny occurs when males defend resources essential to females such that they can monopolize the resources and therefore the females. • Female defense polygyny usually occurs with resource defense polygyny where the females are forcibly herded by a male such that other males are excluded from the group. • Male dominance polygyny occurs when the environment does not allow for monopoly of resources or females therefore the males establish dominance amongst themselves. Polygyny Emlen, S.T., Oring, L.W. (1977). Ecology, Sexual Selection, and the Evolution of Mating Systems. Science, 197, 215-223

  6. Female viewpoint: lessens her metabolic burden and allows her to devote more time and energy to replenish nutrient and mineral reserves • Male viewpoint: insurance strategy- cost of his incubation is beneficial in that she is able to prepare to have more kids • Rapid multiple clutch polygamy Male Incubation/ Female Emancipation Emlen, S.T., Oring, L.W. (1977). Ecology, Sexual Selection, and the Evolution of Mating Systems. Science, 197, 215-223

  7. Individual females frequently control or gain access to multiple mates • Resource Defense Polyandry: females compete and defend resources essential to males • Male defense polyandry: females control access to males directly • Female access polyandry: Through interactions among themselves, females may limit access to males Polyandry Emlen, S.T., Oring, L.W. (1977). Ecology, Sexual Selection, and the Evolution of Mating Systems. Science, 197, 215-223

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