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Technological Achievements - Canals

This review explores the technological achievements of the Panama and Suez Canals and their profound influence on global trade and imperialism. The Suez Canal, constructed under French initiation and later controlled by Britain, revolutionized trade routes between Europe and the East, providing quicker access to colonies. Similarly, the Panama Canal linked the Caribbean with the Pacific, altering maritime logistics. Both canals exemplify how technology propelled imperialism and reshaped economic landscapes, highlighting their ongoing significance in international trade dynamics.

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Technological Achievements - Canals

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  1. Technological Achievements - Canals

  2. REVIEW • Imperialism – Political & economic control of another country • After setbacks in North America, imperialism continued in the East • British rule affected government, economics, health, & social life in India • Technology made imperialism in Africa possible

  3. ESSENTIAL QUESTION • How have the Panama & Suez Canals influenced trade & imperialism?

  4. The Suez Canal • Location: Egypt, connects Mediterranean Sea to Red Sea • 1504 – Construction of Canal 1st Proposed • 1859 – French engineers begin construction • 1875 – Britain takes control of Suez Canal

  5. Control of the Canal • 1854 – Egyptian government allows French company to build Suez Canal • Egypt bought control of canal • Construction was expensive for Egypt, country soon in debt • To avoid debt they decide to sell ownership of canal

  6. Control of the Canal • This gave England the opportunity to control the canal • Provided more direct route to colonies in India, Australia, & New Zealand • 1875 – England bought Suez Canal from Egypt • Britain controlled most of Egypt

  7. Independence for Egypt • England declared Egypt independent after rebellions & nationalist movement • Troops remained to protect Egypt & canal

  8. Significance • Allowed shorter route from Europe to the East • Shorter trade routes • Easier access to colonies

  9. The Panama Canal • Location: Panama, Southwest of Panama City • 1904 – Work begins on canal • 1914 – Canal opens, links Caribbean with Pacific • 1999 – Panama takes control of canal

  10. Reasons for Construction • America needed to move ships from Pacific to Caribbean • Only 2 available options: • Travel 13,000 miles around South America • Create 2nd Navy

  11. 1st Attempt • French company that built Suez Canal in 1890s • French citizens invested in project • Failed due to disease & poor planning

  12. American Attempt • Columbia would not allow the U.S. to construct the canal • People of Panama revolted & won independence • 1903 – Panamanian government allows U.S. to begin construction

  13. Technology • 1 of world’s greatest engineering feats • Construction done with power shovels • Many workers died from yellow fever • Scientists destroyed mosquitos, carriers of disease, & controlled its spread

  14. Effects of Panama Canal • Shortened sea route from New York to San Francisco by 8,000 miles • Ships from all over used canal • Toll required to pass through • Shorter distance still saved time & money

  15. Panama Canal Video • http://www.history.com/videos/panama-canal-locks#panama-canal-locks

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