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The Nile Valley Chapter 2:ib The Old Kingdom 2700 – 2200 B.C

The Nile Valley Chapter 2:ib The Old Kingdom 2700 – 2200 B.C. “The Land of the Pharaohs.” [Image source: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Academy/6539/pic.htm] [Image source: http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/nilevall.gif]

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The Nile Valley Chapter 2:ib The Old Kingdom 2700 – 2200 B.C

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  1. The Nile ValleyChapter 2:ibThe Old Kingdom2700 – 2200 B.C “The Land of the Pharaohs.” [Image source: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Academy/6539/pic.htm] [Image source: http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/nilevall.gif] [Image source: http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/delta185.gif]

  2. Historians have organized ancient Egyptian dynasties into three great periods: • Old Kingdom (2700 to 2200 B.C.) • Middle Kingdom (2050 to 1800 B.C.) • New Kingdom (1600 to 300 B.C.)

  3. A strong, centralized national government developed under the Egyptian pharaohs. [Image source: http://www.siue.edu/COSTUMES/COSTUME1_INDEX.HTML#Plate1]

  4. The title pharaoh means “great house.” [Image source: http://www.unites.uqam.ca/dhist/pagesp/pagemg3.htm]

  5. Egyptian society revolved around providing for the “great house.” [Image source: http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/society.gif]

  6. Egypt was a theocracy, where the pharaoh was both the religious and political leader of Egypt. [Image source: http://www.pharaonicarts.com/ramses-horus.htm]

  7. The pharaoh was aided in governing his realm by a bureaucracy, or group of government officials. [Image source: http://www.artchive.com/ftp_site.htm]

  8. The highest ranking official - second only to pharaoh in power - was the vizier, or prime minister. [http://www.elkhound.demon.co.uk/pictures/imhoteppics.htm]

  9. To honour their god-kings, Egyptians built “houses of eternity,” or pyramids, to entomb their remains. [http://web.kyoto-inet.or.jp./org/orion/eng/hst/egypt/giza.html]

  10. The first pyramid constructed was the stepped-pyramid of Saqqara built for King Djoser. [Image source: http://www.okanagan.bc.ca/hist/hist110/Egscene.html]

  11. Egyptians preserved the bodies of theirkings fromdecay throughembalming. [Image source: http://www.ccer.ggl.ruu.nl/abu_simbel/ramses.html]

  12. One’s entry into the afterlife was determined by the weighing of the heart. [Image source: http://www.natashascafe.com/cgi-bin/dbase.cgi?judge]

  13. Around 2200 B.C. the kings in Memphis began to lose control and powerful nobles fought each other for control of Egypt.

  14. The kings of Thebes brought unruly local governments under control and restored order.

  15. The Nile ValleyChapter 2:icThe Middle Kingdom2200- 1800 B.C. “The Land of the Pharaohs.”

  16. The Theban kings established a new dynasty that ushered-in the period known as the Middle Kingdom. [Image source: http://pages.ancientsites.com/~Duat_Ramesses/wast_plaque.htm]

  17. The Theban kings conquered the kingdom of Nubia on the upper Nile River south of the first cataract. [Image source: http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/nubgeog.html]

  18. Nubian warriors ultimately played an important role as mercenaries in the Egyptian army.

  19. Theban kings also promoted trade by constructing a canal that connected the Nile River to the Red Sea.

  20. The Hyksos conquered Lower Egypt using bronze weapons and horse-drawnchariots.

  21. The Hyksos ruled Lower Egypt for about 110 years. [Image source: http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/delta185.gif]

  22. About 1600 B.C. Prince Ahmose raised an army and, using Hyksos tactics and technology, drove them from Egypt.

  23. The Nile ValleyChapter 2:icThe Middle Kingdom2200- 1800 B.C. “The Land of the Pharaohs.”

  24. Around 2200 B.C. the kings in Memphis began to lose control and powerful nobles fought each other for control of Egypt.

  25. The kings of Thebes brought unruly local governments under control and restored order.

  26. The Theban kings established a new dynasty that ushered-in the period known as the Middle Kingdom. [Image source: http://pages.ancientsites.com/~Duat_Ramesses/wast_plaque.htm]

  27. The Theban kings conquered the kingdom of Nubia on the upper Nile River south of the first cataract. [Image source: http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/nubgeog.html]

  28. Nubian warriors ultimately played an important role as mercenaries in the Egyptian army.

  29. Theban kings also promoted trade by constructing a canal that connected the Nile River to the Red Sea.

  30. The Hyksos conquered Lower Egypt using bronze weapons and horse-drawnchariots.

  31. The Hyksos ruled Lower Egypt for about 110 years. [Image source: http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/delta185.gif]

  32. About 1600 B.C. Prince Ahmose raised an army and, using Hyksos tactics and technology, drove them from Egypt.

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