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The Forces of the Earth

The Forces of the Earth. Plate tectonics and other cool stuff. Vocabulary. Plates – huge moving slabs that form the Earth’s crust Plate tectonics – the theory that the Earth’s crust is made of plates that are constantly drifting apart and sliding together. Tectonic Plates. Vocabulary.

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The Forces of the Earth

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  1. The Forces of the Earth Plate tectonics and other cool stuff

  2. Vocabulary • Plates – huge moving slabs that form the Earth’s crust • Plate tectonics – the theory that the Earth’s crust is made of plates that are constantly drifting apart and sliding together

  3. Tectonic Plates

  4. Vocabulary • Crust – the band of solid rock on the Earth’s surface that floats on the mantle • Mantle – a partly melted, white-hot inner layer of rock between the Earth’s curst and core

  5. How Plates Move

  6. Pangaea Pangaea – the supercontinent that existed 225 million years ago

  7. Plate Boundaries Divergent Boundaries where plates pull apart

  8. How Plates Move Convergent Boundaries Where plates meet

  9. How Plates Move Oceanic-Oceanic Convergence

  10. Oceanic-Oceanic ConvergnceMid-Ocean Ridges

  11. Birth of an Island Surtsey 1963

  12. How Plates Move Continental-Continental Convergence

  13. Mountain Ranges

  14. Rise of the Himalayas

  15. Vocabulary • Magma – liquid rock within the Earth’s mantle • Lava – liquid rock that has reached the Earth’s surface • Subduction – the process by which the Earth’s crust slides into the mantle and melts into magma • Volcanism – the outpouring of molten rock onto the Earth’s surface through cracks in the crust

  16. Subduction Zones Trench Flipping Standard Subduction

  17. How Plates Move Transform-Fault Boundaries Faulting – where two tectonic plates slide past one another

  18. Fault Lines

  19. San Andreas Fault

  20. Ring of Fire

  21. Hot Spots Hot spots – molten rock that forces its way through the crust, but is not located along a plate boundary

  22. Vocabulary • Weathering – the slow breakdown of rock into finer particles by natural means • Erosion – the breakdown and movement of rock particles by running water, ocean currents, wind or ice

  23. Weathering and Erosion

  24. Glacial Erosion Glacier – a river or sheet of ice that scrapes the soil off the land as it moves

  25. Greenhouse Effect • Greenhouse effect – the trapping of heat within the atmosphere and oceans by carbon dioxide

  26. World Climates

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