You need: Clean paper / Pencil Respiratory notes WS Warm Up:

1. You need: • Clean paper / Pencil • Respiratory notes WS Warm Up: What are the organs of the respiratory system? (any order) I CAN: identify the parts and function of the digestive, excretory, circulatory, and respiratory systems. Sept. 19, 2019

2. Review MRS NERG-C M - Movement R – Respirations S – Sensitivity (responds to stimulus) N – Nutrition / nutrients E - Excretion R – Reproduces G - Growth C - Cells

3. Review Body Organization Organism Organ System Organ Tissue Cell

4. Review The Digestive System(Flip to the back of your notes) The digestive system has 3 main functions: • It breaks down food into particles that the body can use. • It absorbs nutrients into the blood. • It eliminates waste from the body. Mouth Esophagus

5. Review Categories of NUTRIENTS • Water - most important because other stuff can dissolve into it. “Water soluble” • Minerals • Vitamins • Fat • Carbohydrates • Proteins

6. The Digestive System • Liver, gallbladder and pancreas:produces & stores chemicals (enzymes) that help digest food in the small intestine. Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Gallbladder

7. A C B E D G F I H J K

8. Excretory System Fluid’s

9. Structures of the excretory system Kidneys – (2) filter blood Ureters – 2 narrow tubes that leading from the kidneys to the bladder Urinary Bladder-fist sized pouch (muscular sac) that holds about 2 cups of urine Urethra – exit tube

10. Main Function: The system of the body that collects waste produced by cells and removes the wastes from the body. (also known as: excretion)

11. What happens in the Nephrons? Just to review… Materials and wastes go through the tubes Protein, glucose, most water, and some other materials return to the blood Wastes and small amounts of water stay and are excreted

12. Homeostasis with Excretion • Excretion maintains homeostasis by keeping the body’s internal environment stable and free of harmful levels of chemicals. • Kidneys • Lungs and Skin • Liver

13. Homeostasis • Kidneys • Regulate amount of water in your body • Hot day – you will sweat a lot, but you don’t drink a lot so you excrete small amounts of urine

14. Homeostasis • Lungs and Skin • Exhale carbon dioxide and water vapor • Sweat water and urea • Liver • Breaks down wastes before excreting them

15. Schoolhouse Rock • Digestive system review: Body machine! • Circulatory review: Do the Circulation • Tie in of all…The Bloodmobile

16. What does it do for us? Our circulatory system… • Delivers necessary materials (like oxygen and sugar) to the entire body in the blood, • Removes waste products from cells, and • Helps fight disease by transporting immune cells in the blood.

17. What carries the blood? • BLOOD VESSELS are the hollow tubes that carry your blood around your body. • There are 3 TYPES: • ARTERIES • CAPILLARIES • VEINS

18. What is your blood? Red Blood Cells carry oxygen. White blood cells fight disease. Platelets form blood clots to stop you from bleeding too much.

19. From Body Right Atrium Right Ventricle To Lungs From Lung Left Atrium Left Ventricle To Body So, the detailed path of blood in your body would look like this: Lung Body

20. Heart labels Sup. Vena Cava AORTA Right atrium To LUNGS To LUNGS Left Atrium From LUNGS From LUNGS Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Inf. Vena Cava

21. So what happens if you don’t take care of your circulatory system? Not enough good stuff to your body Build up of bad stuff in your body Heart Attack!

22. To do: • Review • Finish respiratory notes • Build a model • BrainPop…digestive, urinary, circulatory, respiratory systems. • Newsela: vaping

23. - Breathe in and out… What is the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM? • The system of the body that deals with BREATHING. • It consists of theNOSE, PHARYNX, TRACHEA, BRONCHIAL TUBES, and LUNGS.

24. - Breathe in and out… What is the FUNCTION of the Respiratory System? • To DELIVER OXYGEN to the body. • To REMOVE CARBON DIOXIDE from the body.

25. - Breathe in and out… Why does the body need oxygen? • The body’s CELLS use OXYGEN to release ENERGY to the body. • CELLULAR RESPIRATION is the CHEMICAL REACTION that uses GLUCOSE & OXYGEN to release ENERGY. • CARBON DIOXIDE is a WASTE PRODUCT of this chemical reaction.

26. - Breathe in and out… Which systems work together? • RESPIRATORY SYSTEM gets OXYGEN from the air. • DIGESTIVE SYSTEM gets GLUCOSE from food. • CIRCULATORY SYSTEMDELIVERS oxygen and glucose to cells. • In the cells, respiration uses glucose and oxygen to release ENERGY.

27. What path does AIR flow? • Try it • Use the words on your table and work with your elbow partner to put them in order. • Raise your hand when you are done.

28. - Breathe in and out… What path does AIR follow? • NOSE • PHARYNX • TRACHEA • BRONCHIAL TUBES • LUNGS(alveoli)

29. - Breathe in and out… What happens in each part? NOSE – in the nasal cavity, the air is: • Warmed, • FILTERED, and • moistened. (Mucus and nasal hairs keep out dust, pollen and other particles). • PHARYNX – air passes through the THROAT when breathing. The EPIGLOTTIS covers the trachea when you swallow to prevent FOOD from entering the trachea when you eat/drink.

30. Camel statue at Duke University – To honor the work of zoologist, Dr. Knut Schmidt-Nielson (shown) Dr. Schmidt-Nielson studied the nasal cavity (physiology) of the camel. He realized it was rather long and convoluted. This makes sense when we realize the natural habitat – desert. It helps us understand our own respiratory path better, too. “Tell me about yourself, Camel, that I may know myself.” - inscribed on the statue

33. - Breathe in and out… What happens in each part? • TRACHEA – is the WINDPIPE that leads to the lungs. It is a tube with rings of CARTILAGE. • BRONCHIAL TUBES – are the the short tubes that branch off the trachea to carry air to the LUNGS.

34. - Breathe in and out… What happens in each part? • LUNGS – inside the lungs, the bronchi branch into SMALLER TUBES. At the end of the smallest tubes, are structures called ALVEOLI. • ALVEOLI – are AIR SACS, surrounded by capillaries. This where blood picks up OXYGEN and gets rid of CARBON DIOXIDE. This process is called GAS EXCHANGE.

35. - Breathe in and out… What happens in the ALVEOLI? Do not write! – just listen • GAS EXCHANGE - Blood from the body enters the lungs. In the alveoli, the blood GETS RID OF CARBON DIOXIDE and PICKS UP OXYGEN before returning to the heart to take oxygen to rest of the body.

36. How do we BREATHE?

37. How do we BREATHE? • When you breathe, the actions of your diaphragm & rib cage expand or contract your chest, changing the volume of your lungs. As a result, airrushes in or out. • Inhalation – the diaphragm (a large dome-shaped muscle at the base of the lungs) contracts and moves downward. • The rib cage movesout and up. • The volume of the lungs increases and air flows in.

38. How do we BREATHE? • Exhalation – the diaphragmrelaxes and moves upward. • The rib cage returns to itsoriginal position. The volume of the lungs decreases and air is forced out.

39. How are BREATHING & SPEAKING related? • Air that you BREATHE OUTwhen you exhale also helps you SPEAK. • Your LARYNX is your VOICE BOXwhich has 2 VOCAL CHORDSthat move and produce sound when air passes through the opening between them. Larynx

40. Mythbusters • Helium to speak

41. Pull the diaphragm down (contract). It INCREASES the volume of the space, the chest cavity. Air from around the “body” moves into the lung through the trachea. As you release the diaphragm, the volume is decreased and the pressure inside the “body” increases – forcing the air out of the lung.