80 likes | 90 Vues
Kingdoms and Domains Section 18-3. Objectives: 9.0 Differentiate between the previous five-kingdom and current six-kingdom classification systems . 9.1 Sequencing taxa from most inclusive to least inclusive in the classification of living things. Expansion of the “Tree of Life” (1950’s).
E N D
Kingdoms and DomainsSection 18-3 Objectives: 9.0 Differentiate between the previous five-kingdom and current six-kingdom classification systems. 9.1 Sequencing taxa from most inclusive to least inclusive in the classification of living things
Expansion of the “Tree of Life” (1950’s) • How many kingdoms did Linnaeus name? • What were they? • Scientists soon realized microorganisms, such as protists and bacteria, did not belong in either of those two kingdoms, so a 3rd kingdom was created --- Protista. (Late 1800’s) • Next, Fungi: mushrooms, yeasts, and molds • Monera: bacteria and other prokaryotes
Six Kingdoms (1990’s) • Noted differences among members of the Monera kingdom led to dividing it into two kingdoms: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria. • Six Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
Three Domains Classification System • Based on comparative studies of a small subunit of ribosomal RNA that occurs in all living things. • Three domains: • Bacteria • Archaea • Eukarya • What organisms do you think these domains include?
Domain Bacteria • Unicellular • Prokaryotes • Cell walls contain peptidoglycan. • Corresponds to kingdom _____.
Domain Archaea • Unicellular • Prokaryotic • Live in Earth’s most extreme environments • Cell membranes contain lipids not found in any other organisms • Correspond to kingdom _____.
Domain Eukarya • Contains ALL organisms that have a nucleus! • What kingdoms would be included? • We can identify members of the kingdoms Animalia, Plantae, and Fungi. • Kingdom Protista • includes organisms with a nucleus, but that cannot be classified as fungi, plants, or animals. • has the greatest variety of organisms.
Examining Diagrams and Tables • Figures 18-11 and 18-12 summarize characteristics of kingdoms and domains. • Figure 18-13: • What type of diagram does this look like? • What do you think the big circle with a “?” in it means?