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Dyspnea

Dyspnea. a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity

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Dyspnea

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  1. Dyspnea • a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity • derives from interactions among multiple physiological, psychological, social, and environmental factors, and may induce secondary physiological and behavioural responses

  2. Mechanisms of Dyspnea • respiratory sensations • consequence of interactions between the efferent, or outgoing, motor output from the brain to the ventilatory muscles (feed-forward) and the afferent, or incoming, sensory input from receptors throughout the body (feedback) as well as the integrative processing of this information occurring in the brain • given disease state may lead to dyspnea by one or more mechanisms, some may be operative under some circumstances

  3. Association of Qualitative Descriptors and Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Shortness of Breath

  4. Likely Mechanisms of Dyspnea in Selected Conditions

  5. Approach to the Patient:Dyspnea

  6. Patterns of Abnormality in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing

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