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Interaction Design in Industry

Interaction Design in Industry. Lawrence J. Najjar, Ph.D. lnajjar@tandemseven.com 5th Annual Regional HFES Student Chapter Conference California State University, Long Beach February 27, 2010. Agenda. Who am I? Why is this talk relevant? What is interaction design?

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Interaction Design in Industry

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  1. Interaction Design in Industry Lawrence J. Najjar, Ph.D. lnajjar@tandemseven.com 5th Annual Regional HFES Student Chapter Conference California State University, Long Beach February 27, 2010

  2. Agenda • Who am I? • Why is this talk relevant? • What is interaction design? • Interaction design process • The good, the bad, and the ugly • What I’ve learned • Summary

  3. Who am I? • Ph.D. engineering psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology • 27 years experience including: • Campbell Soup Company employee intranet • HomeDepot.com • US air traffic controller user interface • Wearable computer for poultry plant quality assurance inspectors • Over 50 professional publications and presentations (see http://www.lawrence-najjar.com)

  4. Why is this talk relevant? • Most human factors jobs are in industry1,2 • Industry is different from academia • Want to give a sense of what interaction design in industry is like

  5. What is interaction design? • Field that designs the interface between people and machines, such as computers • Focuses on the way user interfaces work, not the way they look

  6. Interaction design process • Goals • Stakeholder & user interviews • Personas • Functional requirements • Wireframes • Usability feedback • Specifications

  7. Goals • Business • User • Application

  8. Stakeholder & user interviews • One interviewer, one note-taker • Talk to stakeholders for 1 hour • Talk to representative users in their work environments for 1 hour • Ask specific and open-ended questions • Summarize findings

  9. Personas • Use interview notes to create 5 or fewer textual descriptions of major representative users • Include background, goals, needs, tasks, priorities, challenges • Used for requirements and to guide design decisions

  10. Functional requirements • Based on prior tasks, identify high-level user interface requirements for functions & content (if applicable) • Focus on what users do, not how they do it • List and prioritize each requirement • Possibly scope the requirements • Move some requirements to later phases • Iteratively review with client

  11. Wireframes • Minimal graphics, minimal color drawings of the user interface for a page • Focus on how the user interface works not how it looks • Show page layout, placement of data elements & controls, navigation • Helpful for refining requirements & task flows • Iterate with client

  12. Usability feedback • Get small sample of representative users • Work with one user at a time for 1 hour • Ask how the user would perform important tasks • Show wireframes for each page • Look for ways to improve the design

  13. Specifications • Include image of each wireframe • Describe how the user interface controls work • Allow developers to bring the user interface to life • Provide information for quality assurance testing

  14. Interaction design process • Goals • Stakeholder & user interviews • Personas • Functional requirements • Wireframes • Usability feedback • Specifications

  15. Interaction design in industry: The good, the bad, & the ugly • The good • More job opportunities • Slightly higher pay • Greater design creativity • Probably more impact (short-term) • Shorter delay of gratification • The bad • Less work outside of software user interface design • Fewer opportunities for training • Few opportunities for research • Few opportunities for publishing • Faster pace • More time pressure • The ugly • More layoffs

  16. What I’ve Learned • Easy is hard • User interaction design is an art and a science • No one gets it right the first time • Users are bad designers but good reviewers • Just because you can doesn’t mean you should • Several iterative designs of a static, low-fidelity user interface are more effective than one version of a dynamic, high-fidelity user interface prototype • No one takes the training. No one reads the Help. • Air traffic controllers don’t want a “Help” button on their keyboards

  17. Summary • A career in interaction design in industry has pros and cons • Focus is on doing good work fast • Major cost and time pressure • Gratifying work • Fun

  18. References Peres, S. C. & McCloskey, L. (2009, July) HFES 2009 salary and compensation survey. Human Factors Bulletin, 52(7). Retrieved from: http://www.hfes.org/web/HFESBulletin/July2009SalarySurvey.html Usability Professionals’ Association (2009, August 18). UPA 2009 salary survey. Retrieved from: http://www.usabilityprofessionals.org/usability_resources/surveys/2009salarysurvey_PUBLIC.pdf

  19. Contact me Lawrence Najjar lnajjar@tandemseven.com http://www.lawrence-najjar.com/

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