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VISTAS Cloudwater Monitoring Request SESARM Air Directors Meeting June 4, 2008

VISTAS Cloudwater Monitoring Request SESARM Air Directors Meeting June 4, 2008. Clingmans Dome, Great Smoky Mtns. National Park. VISTAS Monitoring Request. Great Smoky Mountains National Park has comprehensive monitoring network to document air quality trends 5 Ozone and meteorology

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VISTAS Cloudwater Monitoring Request SESARM Air Directors Meeting June 4, 2008

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  1. VISTAS CloudwaterMonitoring RequestSESARM Air Directors MeetingJune 4, 2008 Clingmans Dome, Great Smoky Mtns. National Park

  2. VISTAS Monitoring Request • Great Smoky Mountains National Park has comprehensive monitoring network to document air quality trends • 5 Ozone and meteorology • 2 SO2, CO, NO-NOy, NO2 • 1 Speciated PM2.5 (IMPROVE), 1 continuous PM2.5 (TEOM), 1 nephelometer, 2 webcams • 2 Wet and Dry deposition (SO4, NO3, NH4, H) • 1 Cloudwater deposition (SO4, NO3, NH4, H) • 2 Mercury deposition (total and methyl) • Special studies

  3. VISTAS Monitoring Request • Cloudwater deposition monitoring at Clingman’s Dome since 1995 • Total operational cost ~$65K per year through EPA contract • EPA funding of ~$30K/yr has ended • Still have TVA funding of ~$35K/yr • Request Air Directors to authorize $90,000 from VISTAS monitoring budget to continue cloudwater monitoring at GRSM for 2009-2011 • VISTAS lump sum of $90,000 from FY08 budget; $30K/yr for 3 years • TVA will continue to co-fund operations at ~$35K/yr • EPA will continue to manage contract for operations • No monitoring in 2008; EPA is re-bidding contract and refurbishing equipment

  4. Importance of Total Deposition Monitoring at Great Smoky Mtns. • GRSM’s long-term air quality monitoring record is unique in southeastern US • One-atmosphere: gases, particles, deposition • Relate emissions trends to air quality trends (Title IV and NOx SIP call) • Combine cloudwater with dry and wet deposition to understand total deposition of SO4, NO3, NH4, H • Critical loads to sensitive high-elevation ecosystems • Stream water pH (CWA 303 requirement) • Whiteface Mtn., NY only other cloudwater site in eastern US • 2009-2011 record will document responses to ongoing emissions reductions in Southeast • CAIR, NC Clean Smokestacks Act, NAAQS

  5. * 70% 74% 24% 20% 6% 6% Total S and N Deposition, 1995-2004 – Clingmans Dome (6,643 ft)

  6. Average Ion Concentration of Cloud Water GRSM - Clingmans Dome 600 500 400 SO4 H eq/L 300 u NH4 200 NO3 100 0 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

  7. Annual Cloudwater deposition (Clingman’s Dome) and dry deposition (Look Rock) from 1999-2007 N S

  8. 5-Year Trends in pH 4.7 NADP: GSMNP-Elkmont 4.6 pH 4.67 4.5 4.59 4.55 4.53 4.48 4.4 1980- 1986- 1991- 1996- 2001- 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Annual Mean Weighted Wet Sulate and Nitrate Concentrations (NADP-TN11 Elkmont) 2.5 Sulfate Nitrate 2 1.5 mg/l 1 0.5 0 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

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