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Alpican capacitors

Alpican capacitors. F.Dupré 09/11/2012. WhY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION?. To run properly an installation needs active and reactive energy Utilities set penalties if reactive energy used is too high (no interest for them to supply it) This is often measured considering power factor or cos φ

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Alpican capacitors

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  1. Alpican capacitors F.Dupré 09/11/2012

  2. WhY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION? • To run properly an installation needs active and reactive energy • Utilities set penalties if reactive energy used is too high (no interest for them to supply it) • This is often measured considering power factor or cosφ • Installing PFC systems allows toavoid penalties by increasing cos φ (by supplying reactive energy) • 0,7 0,95 (Example) cos φ No penalties Penalties

  3. WhY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION? kW • Example: • before power factor correction cosφ = 0,7 (100/142) • using power factor correction system provides reactive energy, expressed in kVAr, apparent energy decreases • new cos φ = 0,95 (100/105), penalties are cancelled as target cos φ is reached Real power = 100 kW After = 33 kVAr After = 105 kVA φ kVAr Apparent power kVA Before = 142 kVA Capacitance added =67 kVAr Before = 100 kVAr Reactive power • Power Factor Calculations • Before PF = 100/142 = 0.70 or 70 % • After PF = 100/105 = 0.95 or 95% Saved power 37 kVA Onlywithoutharmonics

  4. FIXED AND AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS • Fixed system : for constant loads, ex: motors (20% of applications) • Reactive energy supplied is linear • Automatic system : for variable loads (80% of applications) • Reactive energy supplied varies according to the load (kW) kvar kvar

  5. LOCATION OF PFC SYSTEMS

  6. COMPONENTS FOR PFC SYSTEMS contactor switches the steps on/off capacitor power factor controller: monitors the steps to reach target cosφ capacitor step

  7. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALPICAN • Capacitors declined in 400V, 415V, 440V and 480V (nominal voltage) • Legrand 6 digits ref no. • Powers from 5 kvar to 30 kvar • 3 phase 50 Hz / 60 Hz • Life cycle up to 100 000 hours • Overcurrent capability: 1.3 In • Inrush capability: up to 200 In • Conform to IEC 60831-1&2

  8. BENEFITS OF THE RANGE • Dielectric: self healing polypropylene film • In case of short circuits, the film repairs itself (to a certain limit), preventing the destruction of the capacitor • This is a first level of protection

  9. BENEFITS OF THE RANGE • Impregnant: non PCB semi-dry resin • Reduces the risk of leaking • Reduces the risk of fire as there is no liquid inside (oil) • Vacuum technology insures perfect electrical contacts as there is no moisture inside

  10. BENEFITS OF THE RANGE • 3 pole in overpressure disconnector • Prevents the capacitor from bursting if pressure inside is too high • Special design allows smooth pressure increase and safe disconnection of fuses • “Pop up” deformation avoids brutal opening • Dedicated “cut off” zones and arc extinguisher

  11. BENEFITS OF THE RANGE • Terminal connection • Straight forward connection • Protection against electric shocks (IP 20) • Cable cross section up to 16 mm²

  12. BENEFITS OF THE RANGE • Discharge resistors • Discharge capacitor and prevent from electric shocks • Need to switch capacitor in automatic systems • Pre mounted, time saving for assembly • Made in ceramic:protection against electric shocks (IP 2X) • Centered position allows connection of capacitor on both sides

  13. BENEFITS OF THE RANGE • Mounting bottom stud • The stud forms a solid permanent earthing

  14. Reference NUMBERS • Products stocked in Verneuil

  15. DimensionS OVERVIEW 85x348 30 kVAr 85x273 25 kVAr 20 kVAr 85x198 15 kVAr 12.5 kVAr Example for 440 V range 75x198 10 kVAr 75x160 7.5 kVAr 6.3 kVAr 63.5x154 5 kVAr 63.5x129 mm 2.5 kVAr

  16. COMPOSITION OF A CAPACITOR BANK • An automatic capacitor bank is made of steps with different powers expressed in kvar • Example: 100 kvar ( at 400V) cabinet made of: • Step 1: 12.5 kvar (4151 65) • Step 2: 12.5 kvar (4151 65) • Step 3 : 25 kvar (4151 68) • Step 4 : 50 kvar (2x 4151 68)

  17. ProDUCTS ASSOCIATED TO ALPICAN • Those products needed to build automatic capacitor banks can be sold together with Alpican to provide added value: • power factor controllers: select the steps in automatic systems to reach the targeted power factor • contactors: switch steps in automatic systems • detuned reactors: protect capacitors against harmonics if the network is polluted (speed variators, UPS etc..) Power factor controllers Detuned reactors CTX-C contactors

  18. DeFINITION OF HARMONICS • Short definition for harmonics • Harmonics are current or voltage with frequencies of n x Nominal Networks frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) added to this nominal frequency • They are generated by non-linear loads like electrical equipment with power electronic (converters, inverters,…) or variable impedance load usingelectric arcs • TheycanbemeasuredwithTHDi (current) and THDu (Voltage) values expressed in % Order 1 (50 Hz) = fondamental + Order 3 (150 Hz) = + Order 5 (250 Hz) + Order 7 (350 Hz) + Order 9 (450 Hz)

  19. DETUNED REACTORS ASSOCIATED • Detuned reactors are protecting capacitors against harmonic pollution of the network (expressed in THDU % and THDI %) • There are connected in series with Alpican • For general applications  Range 189 Hz/p%=7 • When harmonic rank 3 is important  Range 135 Hz/p%=14

  20. Item NUMBERS FOR CONTACTORS • For capacitors banks without detuned reactors, contactors with series resistors have to be used (CTX-C contactors) • For capacitor banks with detuned reactors, power contactors can be used

  21. Item NUMBERS FOR CONTROLLERS • Controllers monitor the steps within automatic capacitor banks • Exist in 4,6 and 12 steps devices

  22. CHOICE OF CAPACITORS • Powers of capacitor is proportional to ratio of square voltages • Ex : 30 kvar at 440V = 25 kvar at 400V , (440²/400²)*25= 30 • Selection to be made according to the grid, 400V, 415 V etc.. • When used with detuned reactors, voltage increases so it is necessary to upgrade the rated voltage of capacitor Frequency effect : + 20 %

  23. CHOICE OF CAPACITORS • Example • Installation with network voltage of 400V • Need for 20 kvar, no harmonic pollution, choose capacitor 400V/ 20 kvar : • 4151 68 • Same installation but with harmonic pollution where reactors are necessary • Choose capacitor in 440V rated voltage + associated reactor: (25 kvar 440V = 20 kvar 400 V) • 4151 86 + SAH-1.73-40.4

  24. A cOMPLETE RANGE OF CAPACITORS • Access range: Alpican • for all type of sites • Premium range: Alpivar² • can sometimes substitute Alpican for sites with high technical constraints (industry)

  25. SEGMENTS • Alpican can be sold on nearly all segments in commercial and industrial areas • All installation need power factor correction systems Industry Small commercial Large commercial

  26. CUSTOMER TARGETS • Distributors: stock fixed capacitors, for flow business • Panel builders, generalists or specialists in PFC, they use capacitors to assemble automatic banks

  27. ADDED VALUE IN POWER DISTRIBUTION • PFC can represent up to 10 % of added value in a power project in addition to others products: ACBs, MCCBS, transformers, busbars… • Most countries worldwide consider penalties for reactive energy, increasing need for energy will emphasis it • ROI for installations is quite fast with a maximum of around 2 years

  28. CoMPETITORS • International electrical distribution leaders • focus on big project • propose a complete power package including PFC • International PFC specialists • have international presence but some strong areas as per their country of origin • propose either components (capacitors) or complete systems (capacitor banks) • Locals manufacturers • only present on their domestic markets, have an aggressive price policy

  29. PRICE POSITIONING Major power distribution leaders price International specialists Local integrators quality

  30. TOOLS AVAILABLE • Alpican leaflet • Samples • Technical data sheets • Pricing tool

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