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Glacier Dynamics in a Changing Climate ___________________________________________________________________________. Variables that affect glacier flow:. Valley slope Ice temperature Basal conditions. Glaciers Flow: Downhill (slope affects flow speed) Warmer ice flows faster
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Glacier Dynamics in a Changing Climate ___________________________________________________________________________
Variables that affect glacier flow: • Valley slope • Ice temperature • Basal conditions
Glaciers Flow: • Downhill (slope affects flow speed) • Warmer ice flows faster • Ice is brittle (crevasses) & ductile • Basal characteristics are important (the presence of water at the bed)
How Ice Flows: Basal Conditions Preparing the PVC pipe Basal Conditions PVC pipe lined with sandpaper Rough Bed Normal Bed PVC pipe PVC pipe lined with aluminum foil and lubricated with oil Lubricated Bed
How Ice Flows: Valley Slope Angle of PVC pipe Valley Slope 25° Shallow 45° Medium 65° Steep
How Ice Flows: Ice Temperature Flubber temperature warm ice normal ice cold ice Ice Temperature Cold Ice (blue flubber) Flubber placed in the freezer prior to class Normal Ice (white flubber) Flubber at room temperature Warm Ice (pink flubber) Flubber microwaved until hot to touch
Lab setup basic setup advanced setup