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EARLY PRESIDENTS

EARLY PRESIDENTS. WASHINGTON ADAMS JEFFERSON MADISON MONROE QUINCY ADAMS JACKSON. FEDERALISTS. STRONG NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAMILTON-LEADER JOHN ADAMS-LEADER LOOSE INTERPRETATION OF THE CONSTITUTION ELASTIC CLAUSE-BEND THE RULES TO INCREASE THE POWER OF THE GOVERNMENT

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EARLY PRESIDENTS

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  1. EARLY PRESIDENTS • WASHINGTON • ADAMS • JEFFERSON • MADISON • MONROE • QUINCY ADAMS • JACKSON

  2. FEDERALISTS • STRONG NATIONAL GOVERNMENT • HAMILTON-LEADER • JOHN ADAMS-LEADER • LOOSE INTERPRETATION OF THE CONSTITUTION • ELASTIC CLAUSE-BEND THE RULES TO INCREASE THE POWER OF THE GOVERNMENT • TARRIFFS (TAX ON IMPORTS) TO PROTECT AMERICAN BUSINESS • SUPPORTED A NATIONAL BANK • LIKED ENGLAND • FACTORIES/MANUFACTURING (MERCHANTS) • NORTH

  3. DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS (ANTI-FEDS) • STRONG STATE GOVERNMENTS • JEFFERSON-LEADER • PATRICK HENRY-LEADER • STRICT INTERPRETATION OF THE CONSTITUTION (NO ELASTIC CLAUSE) • FREE TRADE • STATE BANKS-OPPOSED A NATIONAL BANK • FRANCE • AGRICULTURE-FAVORED SELF SUFFICIENT FARMERS • SOUTH

  4. WASHINGTON • He had a willingness to listen to different points of view • Problems facing the new country • National debt from revolutionary war • Hostile Indian tribes • War between France and England split the political parties and country • Whiskey Rebellion-farmers rebel against national tax • Washington raises army and puts down the rebellion • 1st test as president • Bank Compromise-Jefferson v. Hamilton • Hamilton gets national bank • Jefferson gets national capital (Washington DC) in the South • Washington’s farewell address • No debts • No foreign alliances (feared the US might be dragged into a foreign war) • No political parties • Proclamation of Neutrality • The nation should develop its own interests in the Western Hemisphere

  5. ADAMS • XYZ AFFAIR-dealt with French impressments • Impressments-Capturing and taking American ships, sailors and cargo • Created US Navy

  6. JEFFERSON • Also believed in avoiding alliances with Europe just as Washington did • Louisiana Purchase (1803) • Bought territory from France • Doubled the country in size-from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains • Lewis and Clark explored with help from Sacajawea • Gave the US control over the Mississippi River • Embargo Act of 1807 • British kidnapping of American Soldiers • Avoid political conflicts with European nations

  7. MADISON (FATHER OF THE CONSTITUTION) • War of 1812 • England vs. US • English take over Washington DC • Cut off American shipping and trade • American factories begin making goods to replace goods cut off from Europe • Changed US Economy • Battle of New Oreleans • Andrew Jackson • Fought after war was over • Winner England • War ends with treat of Ghent

  8. MONROE • Era of Good Feelings-time of peace and prosperity in the US • Rise in nationalism-taking pride in one’s country • Monroe Doctrine-US would not allow Europeans to colonize in the western hemisphere anymore-avoid political conflicts with European Nations • Erie Canal was completed-it connected the Great Lakes to New York City • Allowed trade between the Atlantic Ocean and the Midwest • Made it easier to ship goods by water rather than by land

  9. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS • Tied with Andrew Jackson • National road completed • Hated slavery

  10. ANDREW JACKSON • Election of 1828-first election that most states did not enforce the land ownership requirement for voting • Spoils system-Jackson appointed supporters and friends to government posts-rewarded supporters of elected officials with government jobs • Indian Removal Act-law stating all Indians must move west of the Mississippi River (Cherokee, Creek and Seminole) • Worchester v. Georgia-Supreme Court says Indian removal is unconstitutional and Indians (Cherokee) could keep their land. • Jackson ignored the supreme court and forced Indians to move anyways • Trail of Tears-Cherokees forced march west of the Mississippi River • Nullification Crisis-South Carolina made a state law saying states could nullify (declare invalid) national laws that were not in the states best interest. • Created by John C. Calhoun • Argument was over tariffs • South Carolina threatened to secede • Jackson threatened to take over South Carolina with army • Daniel Webster-opposed nullification • Senator that opposed the idea of nullification said only the Supreme Court and not the states had the power of Judicial Review

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