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AN OVERVIEW OF BIOTECHNOLGY DEVELOPMENT IN NEPAL

AN OVERVIEW OF BIOTECHNOLGY DEVELOPMENT IN NEPAL. BIOTECHNOLOGY. MAY BE A NEW WORD NOT NEW PRACTICE. UNDERSTOOD VARIOUSLY. DEVELOPED COUNTRIES USA CANADA UK RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGIES. DEVELOPING COUNTRIES SAARC. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGIES CELL FUSION

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AN OVERVIEW OF BIOTECHNOLGY DEVELOPMENT IN NEPAL

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  1. AN OVERVIEW OF BIOTECHNOLGY DEVELOPMENT IN NEPAL

  2. BIOTECHNOLOGY • MAY BE A NEW WORD • NOT NEW PRACTICE

  3. UNDERSTOOD VARIOUSLY DEVELOPED COUNTRIES USA CANADA UK RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGIES

  4. DEVELOPING COUNTRIESSAARC • MOLECULAR BIOLOGY • RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGIES • CELL FUSION • TISSUE CULTURE • EMBRYO TRANSFER • IMMUNOLOGY • FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

  5. NEPAL TECHNIQUE USING LIVING ORGANISMS OR SUBSTANCES FROM ORGANISMS • TO MAKE OR MODIFY A PRODUCT • TO IMPROVE PLANTS OR ANIMALS • TO DEVELOP MICROORGANISMS FOR SPECIFIC USES

  6. PRACTICAL VIEWPOINT MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE WORKING TOGETHER IN HARMONY *BIOLOGY *PHYSICS *CHEMISTRY *MATHEMATICS *ENGINEERING

  7. RECENT ACHIEVENTS & ADVANCES IN GENETIC ENGINEERING “SPLIT THE HAIR” OLD BIOTECHNOLOGY NEW BIOTECHNOLOGY TRADITIONAL & NATIONAL HERITAGE OF NEPAL

  8. TRADITIONALBIOTECHNOLOGY IN NEPAL FERMENTATION KODO, RICE, SAKHAR INTO ALCOHOL LEAFY VEGETABLES INTO GUNDRUK BROWNING OF RICE INTO HAKU JAKI PICKLING OF FRUITS JUTE OR NALU FROM BARK OF HEMP DUNG AS FERTILIZER DUNG CAKE AS FUEL FOR COOKING

  9. NEW BIOTECHNOLOGY IN NEPAL FIELD OF APPLICATION AGRICULTURE FORESTRY ENVIRONMENT/SANITATION EDUCATION FOOD HEALTH ENERGY VETERINARY

  10. TYPE OF TECHNIQUES • WIDELY USED PLANT TISSUE CULTURE MICROBIAL CULTURE • LITTLE USE MERISTEM CULTURE RECOMBINANT DNA ANTHER CULTURE BOTANICAL PEST CONTROL PHROMONE MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGICAL CONTROL PROTEIN PROFILE TECHNIQUE ELISA TECHNIQUE CONVENTIONAL BREEDING BIOASSAY AGROTECHNIQUE ENZYMOLOGY CALLUS CULTURE FLORICULTURE

  11. THRUST AREAS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY *CLONAL PROPAGATION *MERISTEM CULTURE *GERM PLASM CONSERVATION *POLLEN AND ANTHER CULTURE *Genetic engineering for insect/pest resistance *Genetic engineering for herbicide resistance *Genetic engineering for virus resistance *Embryo rescue

  12. MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY • BIOFERTILIZER • BIOINSECTICIDE • SINGLE CELL PROTEIN PRODUCTION • INDUSTRIAL ENZYME • BIO-ENERGY

  13. ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY • IMPROVED ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY • IMPROVED ANIMAL PRODUCTION • IMPROVED ANIMAL HEALTH AQUATIC BIOTECHNOLOGY • FISHERY • AQUACULTURE

  14. STATUS OF BIOTECH PROJECTS • MAJORITY AIMED AT PROPAGATING DEVELOPED TECHNIQUES AT SUITABLE LEVEL • MOST R & D STILL AT LABORATORY PHASE • A FEW TRANSFERRED TO LAND TRIAL

  15. EXPENDITURE ON BIOTECH ACTIVITIES • GOVERNMENT AND UNIVERSITY FUND ----- NOMINAL • INVESTMENT IN RESEARCH BY INDUSTRY ----- NON-EXISTENT • EXTERNAL FUNDING AGENCIES : ROCKFELLER FOUNDATION USAID, JICA, IFS, FAO, ODA (UK), ADB LARGEST FUNDING $ 150,000/-

  16. HUMAN RESOURCES IN BIOTECH ACTIVITY • MASTER LEVEL 57% • DOCTORATE LEVEL 32% TRAINING • LONG & SHORT COURSES • MAINLY TISSUE CULTURE TO: FARMERS, M.Sc. & Ph.D.s

  17. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION • OCCASIONAL PAPERS • ANNUAL REPORTS • NATIONAL JOURNALS + BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS + HIMALAYAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCES + BANKO JANAKARI

  18. PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES • DISSEMINATION OF IMPORTANCE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AMONG POLICY MAKERS, PLANNERS, GENERAL PUBLIC • SHARING EXPERIENCES AMONG SCIENTISTS INVOLVED IN BIOTECH • NEPAL BIOTECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION • BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY SOCIETY OF NEPAL

  19. ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN BIOTECH ACTIVITIES • GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS • AUTONOMOUS ORGANIZATIONS • TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY • PURBANCHAL UNIVERSITY • POKHARA UNIVERSITY • PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS

  20. TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY • OLDEST AND LARGEST • M. Sc. PROGRAM IN BIOTECHNOLOGY KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY • B. Sc. IN BIOTECHNOLOGY PURBANCHAL UNIVERSITY POKHARA UNIVERSITY • B. Sc. IN BIOCHEMISTRY

  21. CURRENT STATUS OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY LIMITED TO TISSUE CULTURE PUBLIC LABORATORIES DEVELOP PROTOCOLS PRIVATE LABORATORIES USE PROTOCOLS FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSE

  22. PROSPECT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN NEPAL MAJOR CRISES DISEASE HUNGER ENERGY SHORTAGE ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION POLLUTION

  23. REVOLUTIONARY ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY • POVERTY ALLEVIATION • REDUCING DEPRIVATION • SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES • CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES • MAINTAINING A CLEANER ENVIRONMENT

  24. NATIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY FOR NEPAL FOCUS ON TISSUE CULTURE *TO PROVIDE GENETICALLY IMPROVED SEEDLINGS *LARGE SCALE PRODUCTION OF VALUABLE SPECIES FOR MASSIVE FUEL WOOD FODDER TIMBER

  25. MAJOR AREAS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR NEPAL • PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY • PLANT TISSUE CULTURE • CALLUS CULTURE • MERISTEM CULTURE • IN-VITRO EMBRYO RESCUE • POLLEN AND ANTHER CULTURE • GENETIC ENGINEERING

  26. 2. MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY • BIOFERTILIZERS • INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES • SINGLE CELL PROTEIN PRODUCTION • BIOPESTICIDES • BIO-ENERGY PRODUCTION • FOOD PRESERVATION • MINERAL LEACHING

  27. 3. ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY • IMPROVED ANIMAL HEALTH • IMPROVED ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY • IMPROVED ANIMAL REPRODUCTION

  28. 4. MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY • RAPID DIAGNOSTIC REAGENTS & KITS • PRODUCTION OF CULTURE MEDIA • PRODUCTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES • VACCINES AGAINST MALARIA, MEASLES, DIARRHOEA, JAUNDICE CHOLERA ETC. • THERAPEUTIC AGENTS FROM LOCAL PLANT RESOURCES

  29. NATIONAL BIOTECHNOLOGY POLICY DRAFTED FROM A MEETING OF STAKEHOLDERS • Put biotechnology high on national agenda 2. Establish high-level Biotechnology Development Council (BDC) under the chairmanship of Rt. Honorable Prime Minister to review and revise biotechnology, appraise annual progress and solve problems for the development of biotechnology.

  30. 3. Biotechnology Coordination Committee (BCC) under the chairmanship of Honorable Minister of S and T • to carry out R&D in biotechnology • to develop critical manpower and • a curriculum for biotechnology • to encourage private entrepreneurs and • raise public awareness.

  31. 4. National Biotechnology Research and Development Centre (NBRDC) • undertake research and training as per national priority 5. Review existing legislation and propose new legislation or amendments to regulate biotechnology 6. Strengthen and develop appropriate human resources for biotechnology.

  32. Strengthen infrastructure in existing Institutions and set up new institutions as per necessity. 8. Encourage private entrepreneurs to set up laboratories, greenhouses and nurseries to propagate elite and disease free plants by using biotechnology tools. 9. Encourage the private sector to establish biotechnology related industries.

  33. 10. Create conducive atmosphere for research, development and commercialization of biotechnology. • Devise a mechanism to set up one window system for the transport, import and export of biotechnology products. • Management of funds at national level to promote research and development of biotechnology.

  34. 13. Establish linkages with ICGEB, FAO, WHO, UNESCO, CGIAR, COBIOTECH and IPGRI. • Establishment of venture capital, attractive tax incentives and financial assistance to qualified biotechnology companies. • Grant of financial incentives to viable biotechnology programs. 16. Promotion of technology transfer from laboratory to land and laboratory to industrial production.

  35. 17. Conservation and promotion of indigenous biotechnology. • Develop a national biosafety system to monitor and regulate genetically modified organisms. 19. Design of patent law and intellectual property rights.

  36. POSSIBLE ROLE OF BINASIA • A SERIOUS CONSTRAINT LACK OF INFORMATION ON BIOTECHS • NO INSTITUTION CAPABLE OF INFORMATION COLLECTION RETRIEVAL & DISSEMINATION * SO RELIES ON INDUSTRIALISED COUNTRIES FOR SPECIALIZED INFORMATION

  37. SOLUTION TO INFORMATION SHORTAGE • to conduct a thorough literature search on the existing information, which should then be stored in the institutes having the capability to manage information and make it easily accessible to biotechnology researchers. OR • to set up a biotechnology information centre and establish a computer link with institutions in the industrialized countries. However this depends on the willingness of the institutions in the North to share their biotechnological information with those in the South.

  38. PIVOTAL ROLE OF BINASIA BINASIA PORTAL *OBJECTIVES *ACTIVITIES *R & D COMPONENT *PUBLICATIONS WITH FULL TEXT *BIOTECH INDUSTRIES AND PRODUCTS *DISCUSSION FORUM OF BINASIA *MAILING LIST

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