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Exploring the 5 Themes of Geography

Learn about the 5 themes of geography - Location, Place, Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, and Region - and how they help us understand the world around us. Discover the different categories within each theme and their significance in studying geography.

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Exploring the 5 Themes of Geography

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  1. The Five Themes of Geography

  2. What is Geography? Geography is the study of the earth and everything on it!

  3. What is a “THEME”? …it is the topic Geography is a BIG subject! We will divide geography into 5 different THEMES/topics

  4. What is the purpose of the 5 themes? • The 5 Themes of Geography were developed as a method for studying geography. • The themes help us categorize/organize geographic information. Geography = noun Geographic = adjective

  5. THEME 1: LOCATION Question investigated: Where is it? Two categories : • Absolute location • Relative location

  6. Absolute Location • A specific place on Earth • Coordinates: Latitude and longitude

  7. Relative Location • Where a place is in relation to/compared to another place • Uses directional (N,E,S,W) words to describe

  8. THEME 2: PLACE Question investigated: What is it like? The 2 categories: A) Physical places B) Human places

  9. Physical Place • Physical (natural) characteristics of the environment that is distinct • Eg. climate, landforms, water features, plants, wildlife…

  10. Human (cultural) Place • Human (not natural) characteristics of a place that is distinct • Eg. activities, architecture, economy, religion, language…etc

  11. THEME3: HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION Question investigated: • How does the physical place influence/affect/impact humans? • How do human activities affect the physical place? Two Categories of interaction. . . A) Human adaptation (root word = adapt/adjust) B) Human alteration (root word = alter/change) http://www.fotosearch.com/comp/corbis/DGT119/BAG0017.jpg

  12. Human Adaptation • Humans adapt to their environment • Examples: adapt to climate (shelter, clothes…)

  13. Human Alteration • Humans alter their natural environment using technology

  14. THEME 4: MOVEMENT • Question investigated: How do people, goods and ideas move around? • Two categories: • Material movement (can see) • Non-material movement (cannot see)

  15. Material Movement • obvious movement using land, water, or air vehicle

  16. Non-Material Movement • less obvious movement Examples: • movement of information/ideas through wires

  17. THEME 5: REGION • Question investigated: What areas have unifying/common features? • Two categories of region. . . • A) Formal region • B) Functional region

  18. Formal Regions Formal regions share at least 1 unifying/common feature. Examples of features that define a region: • Landform regions (eg. Mountain areas, flat lands) • Political regions (eg. provinces, countries, cities) • Cultural regions (eg. Chinatown, Little India) • Language regions (eg. French neighbourhood) • Economicregions (eg. Agricultural area, financial district) • Climateregions (eg. Arctic climate, tropical climate)

  19. Functional Regions Functional regions are defined by a function/goal/purpose It is an interactive systemwith interconnected parts. Examples: central business district (CBD), newspaper service area, cell phone coverage area, ecosystems (natural functional region)

  20. Check your understanding… • Is it possible for there to be formal regions within functional regions? • Is it possible for there to be functional regionswithin formal regions?

  21. …remember all 5 themes! Mr. Help! • M Movement • R Region • HE Human Environment Interaction • L Location • P Place

  22. The next page is an example of a 5 themes analysis of High Park, as discussed in class…

  23. Place Physical place: Cherry blossoms, flowers, ponds, lakes Human place: Canadian-born residents, photographers, gardeners, tourists, picnics, old victorian style houses, wealthy community • Location Absolute location: (exact street) Relative location: East of kipling station • Movement Material: tour bus, TTC, biking Non-Material: Information about the animals and cherry trees HIGH PARK • Human-Environment Interaction Human Alteration: Build roads and walking paths, damage the trees and pollute the water, control the animals Human Adaptation: Visit during the spring, bring a light jacket near the water, spend leisure time in the open fields, biking, take photos… • Region Formal region: High park can be a formal region because the area is defined by it’s rich greenery/nature (trees, water bodies). It is also a wealthy area with many Canadian-born residents

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