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Respiration and Circulation

Respiration and Circulation . A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system List & describe the structures of the respiratory system Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals Label the parts of the circulatory system

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Respiration and Circulation

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  1. Respiration and Circulation A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system List & describe the structures of the respiratory system Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals Label the parts of the circulatory system Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system

  2. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • USE YOUR OWN DEVICE TO FIND THE ANSWERS…

  3. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • What kind of animal can win the Triple Crown?

  4. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • A Horse (of course! )

  5. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • What breed of horse is usually used for racing?

  6. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Thoroughbred

  7. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • What are the 3 races a horse must win to be Triple Crown Champion?

  8. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Kentucky Derby • Belmont Stakes • Preakness

  9. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Who was the 1st ever Triple Crown Champion? • What was the year?

  10. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Sir Barton • 1919

  11. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Who was the most recent Triple Crown Champ? • What year?

  12. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Affirmed • 1978

  13. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Who is one of the most recognized Triple Crown Champs? • What year did he win?

  14. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Secretariat • 1973

  15. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Why is Secretariat so famous?

  16. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • First Triple Crown Champion in 25 years • Set records in all 3 races that still stand today

  17. A horse must win: 1-Kentucky Derby 2- Belmont Stakes 3- Preakness

  18. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • What do race horses have to do with the respiratory system?

  19. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system • Function of Respiratory System • 1. To obtain and use oxygen • 2. To eliminate carbon dioxide

  20. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system 1. Nostrils • Also called nares • Paired, external openings • Separated by nasal septum

  21. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system 1. Nostrils cont’d • Dilatable • a. Species Differences • i Horse--Very Pliable and Dilatable • ii. Pig--Rigid

  22. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system 2. Nasal Cavities • Paired • Separated by Nasal Septum, and from mouth by palate 3. Pharynx • Common pathway for air and food

  23. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system 4. Larynx • "Voice Box" • Organ of Phonation (Sound Production) • Sound produced by controlled passage of air which causes vibration of vocal chords • Syrinx • Voice Box for Birds • Located where trachea divides from bronchi • Vibrating Muscles

  24. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system 5. Trachea • Primary passage way to Lungs • Cartilage Rings prevent collapse of airway 6. Bronchi • 2 main branches from trachea

  25. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system 7. Bronchioles • Smaller stems of bronchi 8. Alveoli • Principle site of gaseous diffusion between air and blood

  26. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system Lungs • Principle Organ of Respiratory System • Paired, found in Thorax • Thorax = chest • a. Thorax expansion causes Lung expansion

  27. Respiratory System

  28. Right Bronchus Trachea B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system Right Lobes Left Bronchus Bronchioles Left Lobes Pleura Diaphragm Alveoli

  29. C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals • Respiratory Cycle: • 1. Inspiration • A. Intake of air • B. Enlargement of thorax and lungs • C. Diaphragm pulls down creating negative air pressure

  30. C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals • Respiratory Cycle: • 2. Expiration • A. Removal of air • B. Contains mostly Carbon Dioxide • C. Diaphragm pushes UP

  31. C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals • Frequency • A. Number of Respiratory Cycles per minute • B. Factors affecting Respiratory Frequency • a. Species variations • Horse 12 • Cow 29 • Pig 40 • Sheep 25 • b. Body Size • --Heavy animals breath heavier

  32. C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals Frequency Cont’d • c. Age • -Younger less • d. Exercise • -Increases • e. Excitement • -Increases • f. Environmental Temperature • -Faster in heat (panting)

  33. C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals Frequency Cont’d • g. Pregnancy • --Increases • h. Degree of filling of Intestine • --Increases • I. State of health • --Disease increases

  34. CirculatorySystem

  35. D. Label the parts of the circulatory system Red = Oxygenated Blue = Deoxygenated Superior Vena Cava Left Atrium Right Atrium Semilunar Valve Tricuspid Valve Mitral Valve Left Ventricle Perkinge Fibers Right Ventricle Inferior Vena Cava Septum

  36. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Circulatory System • Circulatory System is a closed circuit path • Blood cells follow this path over, and over, and over again

  37. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 1-Capillary: • Thin walled blood vessels • Site of gas exchange • Microscopic in size • Every inch of your body is covered in hundreds of capillaries

  38. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 2-Vein: • Pathway of blood headed BACK to the heart • Always deoxygenated • With 1 exception Small Veins are called Venules

  39. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 3-Superior/Inferior Vena Cava • Where blood ENTERS heart

  40. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 4-Right Atrium • 1st Chamber of the heart

  41. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 5-Tricuspid Valve • 3 Sections

  42. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 6-Purkinje Fibers • Prevent backflow of blood

  43. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 7-Right Ventricle • 2nd Chamber of heart

  44. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 8-Semilunar Valve • Deoxygenated blood LEAVES the heart through this valve

  45. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 9-Lungs • Blood is oxygenated by lungs • Oxygen exchange takes place by passing from the alveoli (respiratory system) to the capillaries (circulatory system)

  46. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 10-Left Atrium • 3rd Chamber • OXYGENATED blood re enters the heart Left Atrium

  47. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 11-Mitral Valve • Valve between LEFT atrium & ventricle Left Atrium Mitral Valve Named because it looks like a Miter’s hat

  48. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 12-Left Ventricle • Last (4th) chamber of the heart before blood leaves the heart through arteries Left Ventricle

  49. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • 13-Arteries • LARGE Blood passageways that take OXYGENATED blood AWAY from the heart

  50. Follow the Circulatory System E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system • Capillaries (again) • Here is where the process starts all over • Junction between arteries and veins

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