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AVHRR Data for Monitoring Drought, Environment and Socioeconomic Activities

This article explores the use of AVHRR data to monitor drought and its impact on socioeconomic activities. It includes analysis on world population, grain production, global water use, vegetation products, weather, forestry, agriculture, climate, human health, water, NWS models, and ecosystems.

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AVHRR Data for Monitoring Drought, Environment and Socioeconomic Activities

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  1. AVHRR Data for Monitoring Drought, Environment and Socioeconomic Activities Felix Kogan NOAA/NESDIS Office of Satellite Research and Applications 2005

  2. World Population & Grain Production

  3. World Grain

  4. Global Water Use

  5. Irrigated Agricultural Land 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-00 2900 4200 3400 3200

  6. Vegetation Products WEATHER (droughts) FORESTRY (fire risk) AGRICULTURE (production) CLIMATE (ENSO) HUMAN HEALTH (epidemics) WATER (irrigation) NWS MODELS (vegetation fraction) ECOSYSTEMS (distribution & change)

  7. DATA Sensor: Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Satellites: NOAA-7, 9, 11, 14, 16 (afternoon), 17 (morning) Data Resolution:Spatial - 4 km GAC, sampled to 16 km; Temporal - 7-day composit Period: 1981-2005 Coverage:World (75 N to 55 S) Channels: VIS (ch1), NIR (ch2), Thermal (ch4, ch5)

  8. AVHRR Reflectance

  9. NDVI shows vegetation distribution Brightness Temperature shows how hot is the surface

  10. World Population Affected by Natural Disasters1967-1991 % Disaster Type Affected Killed Weather Drought5138 Flood 38 9 Hurricane etc. 8 27 Geological Earthquake 2 18 Volcano <1 <1

  11. Drought 1988 Severe Moisture and Thermal Vegetation Stress

  12. Percent of USA with rainfall < 50% and VCI < 10

  13. Major US Droughts1985-2000 Late season drought Late season drought Early season Drought, Winter Wheat affected Early season droughts in winter wheat is effected Mid-season drought, corn affected

  14. Wheat Density vs VCI

  15. Vegetation Condition Index, USSR southeast

  16. Drought Dynamicsfrom Vegetation Health Index No Drought Drought

  17. Area of Severe Drought Severe drought continued four years in a row covering more then 40% of a country

  18. VEGETATION HEALTH 2005

  19. Vegetation Health,JUNE 6

  20. Vegetation Health2005-04

  21. 6-year DroughtHorn of Africa

  22. Fire Risk Assessment

  23. Corn Yield vs VCI, USA

  24. Wheat in Morocco from AVHRR-based VH & in situ data CHINA VH In Situ RUSSIA INDIA MONGOLIA KAZAKHSTAN ZIMBABWE ARGENTINA SOUTH AFRICA BRAZIL ETHIOPIA USA TURKMENISTAN POLAND Kogan 1990, 1997, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 HUNGARY

  25. AGRICULTUREVegetation Health & Production POLAND BRAZIL KAZAHSTAN ARGENTINA ZIMBABWE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

  26. VHI vs BiomassMongolia, 1985-1997

  27. Web http://www.orbit.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/emb/vci

  28. Archive of Images Year W e e k Vegetation Health, AUSTRALIA

  29. Conclusions Achievements • Vegetation Health Index (Combine NDVI and BT, Use climatology, Strong validation, Complete removal of high frequency noise) • Universal Drought Index • New Products (Fire risk, Diseases, Climate & trend, Irrigation, Soil surface saturation, Start/end of the growing season) WE need: * Continuity of sensors (AVHRR-MODIS-VIIRS) * Stability of time series (calibration, unusual events) * Climate trends * New products with predictive ability

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