The Geography & Peoples of Europe

1. The Geography & Peoples of Europe

2. 1. Europe is the second smallest continent with roughly 4 million square miles. • 2. Europe is designated as a continent for political reasons. There is no geographic basis for the claim. • 3. Europe is home to more than 700 million people, but birth rates are stagnant. • 4. Most scholars believe Europe was named after Europa, a Phoenician Princess in Greek mythology. • 5. The smallest country in Europe is the Vatican, which is considered a separate country from Italy even though it is in the middle of Rome.

3. 6. The largest city in Europe is Paris with a population of just under 10 million people. 7. La Sapienza University in Rome is the largest university in Europe with a whopping 184,000 students. 8. Europe produces just over 18 percent of all the oil in the world. 9. The European Union has 25 country members. 10. 80 to 90 percent of Europe was once covered in forest, but this has been reduced to 3 percent in Western Europe.

4. 11. Europe has one of the lowest fertility rates in the world. 12. Europe has been racked with war throughout its history to the point where more than 70 former countries have been conquered and no longer appear on maps. 13. The great Roman inventions so often cited by scholars actually were created by Etruscans, a small empire in the south of present day Italy. 14. The Dark Ages in Europe lasted from 476 to 1,000 A.D. or twice as long as the United States has been a country. 15. The Renaissance followed this period and lasted roughly 200 years.

5. 16. The first country to join the industrial revolution in Europe was Great Britain. 17. The First World War lasted from 1914 to 1918 and resulted in four empires radically changing or dissolving completely: the German, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman and the Russian. 18. Adolf Hitler was not German. He was Austrian, born in the small town of Braunau am Inn. 19. It is estimated that 62 million people died in World War II, 2.5 percent of the world’s population at that time. 20. The 10 most generous countries in the world when it comes to charitable giving are all located in Europe.

6. Europe as a Queen Munster, 1588

7. Europe’s Latitude v. US

8. Former Soviet Region Compared in Latitude & Area with the United States

9. Satellite View of Europe

10. 3,800 square miles

11. REGIONS

12. Continents by Size (sq. km.)

13. Topography

14. Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsulas? OR A Peninsula of Asia?

15. Europe:An Asian Peninsula?

16. Northern Peninsulas Scandinavian Peninsula Jutland Peninsula

17. Southern Peninsulas CrimeanPeninsula Iberian Peninsula Italian Peninsula Balkan Peninsula AnatoleanPeninsula

18. Peninsulas Scandinavian Pen. JutlandPen. Crimean Pen. Italian Pen. Balkan Pen. Iberian Pen. Anatolean Pen. Peloponnesian Pen.

19. What’stheanswer??

20. Bodies of Water ArcticOcean AtlanticOcean North Sea Baltic Sea English Channel CaspianSea Bay ofBiscay BlackSea DardanellesStrait Adriatic Sea AegeanSea TyrrhenianSea Strait ofGibraltar Mediterranean Sea

21. The Mediterranean Sea: Mare Nostrum Strait of Gibraltar & the“Pillars of Hercules” • 2,400 miles long & 1,000 miles wide • “Crossroads of 3 Continents” Caesarea on the Israeli coast

22. Rivers Volga R. Don R. Thames R. Elbe R. Vistula R. Oder R. Rhine R. Dnieper R. Seine R. Loire R. Danube R. Po R. Tagus R. Tiber R. Ebro R.

23. The Danube River 1770 miles

24. The Danube River Where Buda & Pest Meet Biking Along the Danube • Flows through the 12 countries of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine.

25. The Volga River • The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.

26. The Volga River • The river is so polluted that the sturgeon catch has been decreased by 60%.

27. Why are most of the capitals of Europe on major rivers??

28. Capitals on the Rivers (1) Paris, right bank of the Seine London on the Thames Prague on the Vltava Budapest on the Danube

29. Capitals on the Rivers (2) Moscow on the Moscow River Berlin on the Spree Rome on the Tiber Vienna on the Danube

30. What’stheanswer??

31. Answer: They are Europe’s lifeline!

32. Moutains&Peaks Ural Mts. Carpathian Mts. Caucasus Mts. Alps Mts. Pyrennes Mts. Dinaric Alps Apennines Mts. Mt. Vesuvius ^ Mt. Olympus ^ Mt. Etna ^

33. Elevation Urals Caucasus Pyrennes Carpathians Alps Apennines

34. The Alps • Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, and parts of Italy and France.

35. Mt. Blanc in the Alps • Highest mountain in the Alps: 15,771 feet

36. The Caucasus Mountains • The origin of the word Caucasian.

37. Transylvaniain the Carpathian Mountains • Home of Vlad Tepeš, theDrakul (“Count Dracula”)

38. Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide” 1500 miles • Divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.

39. The Ural Mountains

40. Siberian Lowlands Plains Northern European Plain Steppes

41. The BENELUX Countries • Belgium • Netherlands • Luxembourg

42. Holland’s Dikes

43. Amsterdam’s Canals

44. The Netherlands:The “Dagger” Pointing at the Heart of Britain!

45. Plateaus Meseta

46. ArcticOcean Completed Map Siberian Lowlands Ural Mts. Scandinavian Pen. AtlanticOcean Jutland Pen. Volga R. North Sea Baltic Sea Don R. Northern European Plain Thames R. Elbe R. Vistula R. English Channel Oder R. Rhine R. Steppes Dnieper R. Seine R. Carpathian Mts. CaspianSea Loire R. Caucasus Mts. Bay ofBiscay Alps Mts. Crimean Pen. Danube R. Po R. Pyrennes Mts. Italian Pen. Dinaric Alps Balkan Pen. BlackSea Tagus R. DardanellesStrait Apennines Mts. Tiber R. Iberian Pen. Adriatic Sea Mt. Vesuvius ^ Ebro R. Anatolean Pen. Mt. Olympus ^ AegeanSea TyrrhenianSea Strait ofGibraltar Mt. Etna ^ Peloponnesian Pen.

47. 10,000 BCE – Ice Age

48. Norwegian Fjords • Glaciers cut deep valleys in the ocean during the Ice Age.

49. Earthquake Zones

50. Reykjavik, Iceland:“The Youngest Oldest Country” • Volcanoes • Hot Springs • Geysers