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NUTRITION

NUTRITION. TECHNOLOGY USED IN FOOD PRODUCTION. The need to take good care of plants. Sustenance of life Air quality Climate Water quality Control of erosion Fish & wildlife habitat Ecosystem Food Medicine Industrial products Recreation Aesthetics. Technology in food production.

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NUTRITION

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  1. NUTRITION TECHNOLOGY USED IN FOOD PRODUCTION

  2. The need to take good care of plants • Sustenance of life • Air quality • Climate • Water quality • Control of erosion • Fish & wildlife habitat • Ecosystem • Food • Medicine • Industrial products • Recreation • Aesthetics Tr.Rez@SB2013

  3. Technology in food production • Methods in food production • Direct seeding of rice • Hydroponics & aeroponics • Selective breeding • Tissue culture • Genetic engineering • Soil management • Biological control Tr.Rez@SB2013

  4. Direct seeding of rice • Seeds are sown directly into paddy field w/o planting them 1st at nursery • Save time & labour • Increases the yield Tr.Rez@SB2013

  5. Hydroponics • Advantages: • Plants grow faster produce bigger yields • Better quality & taste • No weeding required • No herbicide required • No soil-borne disease problem • Economic use of space Tr.Rez@SB2013

  6. Aeroponics • Advantages: • Saves on nutrient • Saves space, & is easy to set up • Plants grow faster & higher yield • Better quality & taste • No weeding • No herbicide • No soil-borne disease Tr.Rez@SB2013

  7. Selective Breeding • The propagation of plants & animal by sexual reproduction • Involves selecting parent with desirable traits to breed to produce better quality of offspring • Advantages: • Shortens maturity time required by both plants & animal • Improves quality & quantity Tr.Rez@SB2013

  8. Qualities of the psifera variety: • Desirable: • high oil content • Undesirable: • shell-less fruit • fruit drops off before maturity • seeds are difficult to germinate • Qualities of the dura variety: • Desirable: • does not have the weaknesses of psifera • Undesirable: • low oil content Crossing psiferawith dura produces the tenera Tr.Rez@SB2013 • Qualities of the hybridtenera: • thin shell • high oil content • bears fruit much faster • larger fruits • palm tree is not too high • fruit does not drop before maturity

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  11. Genetic engineering • Manipulation of DNA to produce new type of organisms • Enable a gene controlling desirable traits from one organism to be transferred to the chromosome of other organism Tr.Rez@SB2013

  12. Some genetically modified food are: • Oil palm for better oil composition & higher vit E content • Banana to delay ripening • Soya beans • Tomatoes – improve flavour Tr.Rez@SB2013

  13. Biological control • Ladybirds : aphids & mealybugs • Owls & snakes : rats • Guppies : mosquito larvae • Ichneumon wasp : stem borer Tr.Rez@SB2013

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  15. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN FOOD PROCESSING

  16. Purposes of food processing: • Prevent microorganisms from putrefying or fermenting food • Prevent oxidation from spoiling food • Extend the shelf life of food • Make food look better & tastier • Remove toxins • Prevent excess food from spoiling & going to waste • Produce different varieties form a single food substances • Enable easy food distribution to consumer Tr.Rez@SB2013

  17. Food processing method • Cooking • Pickling with salt, sugar or vinegar • Fermentation • Canning • Drying • Pasteurization • UHT Tr.Rez@SB2013

  18. Fermentation • Certain bacteria/ yeast produce enzymes that break up foods, changing their appearance & taste • Belacan, tempeh, beer, cheese Tr.Rez@SB2013

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  20. UHT • Ultra Heat Treatment • Heat milk to 132⁰C for 1 second, then pack into air tight containers • High temp kill bacteria & spores Tr.Rez@SB2013

  21. Pasteurization • Quickly heat milk to 72⁰C for 15 seconds, or heat milk to 63⁰C for 30 minutes then cool it rapidly to below 5⁰C • Kill most bacteria; does not affect taste milk Tr.Rez@SB2013

  22. The effect of processed food on health Tr.Rez@SB2013

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