7 th Oslo Group Meeting Riitta Pipatti and Kari Grönfors

1. Role of energy statistics in the compilation of the greenhouse gas emissions inventory – Finnish perspective 7th Oslo Group Meeting Riitta Pipatti and Kari Grönfors

2. Contents • Greenhouse gas inventory • Reguirements, methodologies and use • Statistics Finland as national entity • Role of energy statistics in the compilation of the inventory • importance of the emissions from the energy sector • advantages of close collaboration with the energy statistics • QA/QC and verification issues • Confidentiality issues • Future

3. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventory • Reporting consistent with requirements under • United Nations Framework Convention (UNFCCC) (revised guidelines from 2015 submission onwards) • Kyoto Protocol – supplementary reporting • EU GHG monitoring mechanism decision (under revision => regulation) • Methodologies from the Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) • Annual comprehensive UNFCCC and KP reviews, this year and from 2015 onwards also EU reviews • GHG inventory data – basis for assessing compliance with emission reductions commitments (KP, EU) and pledges (UNFCCC)

4. Finland’s national GHG inventory system

5. Statistics Finland – national entity • GHG inventory abides to the principles, rules and modalities of • UNFCCC/KP, TCCCA – transparency, consistency, comparability, completeness and accuracy) and • Official statistics and Statistics Finland (impartiality, transparency, confidentiality, coherence, relevance, accuracy, reliability, timeliness, …) • Mostly the ”main principles” the same under both regimes, exceptions • confidentiality – need to aggregate GHG reporting of specific categories at higher level than required by UNFCCC, cannot publish unit-specific informations published elsewhere • efficiency, relevance and accuracy – requirements by UNFCCC/KP require us to address also ”insignificant issues”

6. Waste 3% Energy industries 50% Agriculture 8% Energy Manufacturing industries 81% Solvent and and construction other 16% product use Transport 0.1% 22% Industrial Households, services etc. processes 8% 8% Fugitive 0.3% Other 2% The energy sector in the Finland’s GHG inventory – inventory year 2010

7. Role of energy statistics in the compilation the GHG inventory • GHG inventory – energy sector calculations done in close collaboration with energy statistics • Common database (YEIS), but partly parallel processes due to differences in data sources (historical reasons, coherence in reporting emissions of different gases – only CO2 emissions can be calculated based on basic energy data) • No additional data collection for the GHG inventory – access to all background information collected for energy statistics, energy statistics have access to data processed by the GHG inventory • better coverage of point sources, QA and verification (mutual benefit)

8. Role of energy statistics in the compilation the GHG inventory • Energy statistics, GHG inventory and EU ETS – different rules, coverage and classifications • sharing knowledge and expertise (”coffee break discussions”) helps to understand differences in ”numbers” and enhances coherence/consistency of the published information • QA/QC – comparision of sectoral (bottom-up) and reference (top-down) approaches a key QA measure for GHG inventory • early access to tables on fuels use and relevant detailed background data – time to explore difference • energy balance – timetable and contents take GHG inventory needs into account • times series of the difference show a declining trend (2010: 0.3%)

9. Role of energy statistics in the compilation the GHG inventory • Comparison with international energy data (IEA, Eurostat) • energy statistics timeseries not updated with the same coverage and completeness as in the GHG inventory – causes additional work in explaining differences in reviews • Comparison with the EU ETS data • EU defines non-ETS sector as inventory data minus ETS data - if EU ETS data differ from data used for same units in the inventory, it will impact the emission reduction burden of the non-energy sector

10. Future • 2nd commitment period for the Kyoto Protocol – to start 2013? • New comprehensive international climate agreement – to start 2020 • New UNFCCC reporting guidelines for GHG inventories, EU monitoring mechanism regulation • energy balances to be attached to reporting • comparison with energy statistics a requirement • timing issues, understanding differences more important • Statistics Finland – aiming towards an integrated system for producing energy statistics and GHG energy inventory

11. Thank you!