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KNH Research Symposium Current Trends and Innovations in management of Cancer

KNH Research Symposium Current Trends and Innovations in management of Cancer. Topic: Overview of Cancer Past, Present, Future Presenter : Dr. Opiyo, Anselmy Head, Cancer Treatment Centre – KNH Date: 13 th April, 2012. KNH Research Symposium. What is cancer?

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KNH Research Symposium Current Trends and Innovations in management of Cancer

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  1. KNH Research Symposium Current Trends and Innovations in management of Cancer Topic: Overview of Cancer Past, Present, Future Presenter : Dr. Opiyo, Anselmy Head, Cancer Treatment Centre – KNH Date: 13th April, 2012

  2. KNH Research Symposium • What is cancer? • Renaissance period • Nineteenth century • Cancer causes: Theories throughout history • Modern knowledge and cancer cause • Viral and chemical carcinogens • Cancer epidemiology • Cancer screening and early detection • Evolution of cancer treatments • Hormone therapy • Radiation • Chemotherapy • Immunotherapy • Targeted therapy • Cancer survivorship • The twenty-first century and beyond

  3. Principles of Oncology • - Epidemiology of Cancer: Tobacco - Epidemiology of Tobacco and Cancer - Tumour Induction in Laboratory Animals by Tobacco products - Carcinogens in Tobacco Products

  4. - Relationship of Carcinogens to Specific Cancers caused by Tobacco Products - Overview of Mechanisms of Tumour Induction by Tobacco Products - Tobacco Carcinogen Biomarkers

  5. Etiology of Cancer: Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes • - Principles of Cancer Susceptibility - Genetic Testing - Cancer Susceptibility syndromes - Future Directions

  6. Etiology of Cancer: Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes • - Principles of Cancer Susceptibility - Genetic Testing - Cancer Susceptibility syndromes - Future Directions

  7. Etiology of Cancer: Viruses - RNA Viruses - Retroviruses: Background, Replication Cycle and Molecular Genetics - Mechanisms of Retroviral Oncogenesis - Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 - Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 2 - Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Hepatitis C Virus

  8. DNA Viruses - Hepadnaviruses and Hepatocellular Carcinoma - Papillomaviruses and Human Cancer - Epstein-Barr Virus - Kaposi’s Sarcoma- Associated Herpesvirus - Polyomaviruses

  9. Etiology of Cancer: Inflammation • Tumour Immune Surveillance • Inflammation and Tumorigenesis • Inflammatory Cells and Stromal Cells in the Initiation of Neoplasia and in the Tumour Microenvironment • Cellular Receptors Involved in the Modulation of Inflammation Etiology of Cancer: Chemical Factors • The Nature of Chemical Carcinogens: Chemistry and Metabolism • Animal Model Systems and Chemical Carcinogenesis • DNA Repair Protects the Host from Chemical Carcinogens • Genetic Susceptability to Chemical Carcinogenesis • Molecular Epidemiology, Chemical Carcinogenesis, and Cancer Risk in Human Populations - Benzene as a Model for Gene-Environment Interaction

  10. Etiology of Cancer: Physical Factors - Interactions of Radiation with Cells and Tissues • Ultra-violet Light • Asbestos Etiology of Cancer: Dietary Factors • Methodologic Challenges • Energy • Alcohol • Dietary Fat • Fruits and Vegetables • Fiber • Other Foods and Nutrients • Dietary Patterns • Diet during Early Phases of Life

  11. Etiology of Cancer:Obesity and Physical Activity • Breast Cancer • Colon Cancer • Endometrial Cancer • Adenocarcinomas of the Esophagus • Kidney/Renal Cell Cancer • Pancreatic Cancer • Gallbladder Cancer • Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma • Prostate Cancer • Lung Cancer • Ovarian Cancer

  12. Epidemiology of Cancer • Epidemiology Methods - Descriptive Studies - Analytical Studies - Interpretation of Epidemiologic Findings - Molecular Epidemiology • Global Cancer Incidence (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Database) - Data Sources and Measurements - Overall Cancer Risk - Incidence and Mortality Patterns for Common Cancers - Issues in Interpretating Temporal Trends

  13. Changes in Cancer Mortality • Cancer Surveillance Systems • Making Sense of Cancer Trends • Trends in Cancer Risk Factors • Cancer Trends • Predicting Future Cancer Trends Principles of Surgical Oncology • General Issues - Historical Perspective - Anesthesia for Oncologic Surgery - Determination of Operative Risk - Roles of Surgery - Surgical Oncologist

  14. - Laparoscopic Surgery - Physiology of Laparoscopy - Laparoscopy in the Diagnosis of Malignancy - Laparoscopy in the Staging of Malignancy - Laparoscopy in the Treatment of Malignancy - Laparoscopy in the Palliation of Malignancy

  15. Principles of Radiation Oncology - Biologic Aspects of Radiation Oncology • Factors That Effect the Response of Tumours to Radiation • Tumour Oxygenation • Hypoxic Cell Sensitizers and Cytotoxins • Role of Hypoxia Imaging in Clinical Oncology • Radiation Physics • Treatment Planning • Clinical Applications of Radiation Therapy

  16. Principles of Medical Oncology • Basic Principles - Historical Perspective - Clinical Application of Chemotherapy - Principles of Cancer Cells Kinetic - Principles Governing the Use of Chemotherapy - Dose Intensity and Combination Chemotherapy

  17. - Biology of Drug Resistance - Mediator of Chemosensitivity - Role of Bcl-2 Family Members in - Mediating Chemosensitivity - Signalling Pathway • Assessment of Clinical Response - Signal Endpoints Used to Assess Response to Different Uses of Chemotherapy

  18. Principles of Immunotherapy • Categories of Tumour Antigens Can be Defined by Expression Patterns • Cancer Therapies • Influence of Immune System on Tumour Development Principles of Health Services Research • Studies of Health Service • Patient-Reported Outcomes Assessment • The Economics of Cancer Care

  19. Pharmacology of Cancer Chemotherapy • Drug Development - Preclinical Development - Clinical Development • Alkylating Agents • Cisplatin and Its Analogs • Antimetabolites • Topoisomerase-Interacting Agents • Antimicrotubule Agents

  20. Pharmacology of Cancer Biotherapeutics • Antiangiogenesis Agents • Monoclonal Antibodies • Preventive Cancer Vaccines

  21. Pharmacology of Endocrine Manipulation • Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators • Aromatase Inhibitors • Antiandrogens

  22. Genetic Counseling Cancer Screening • Principles of Cancer Screening • Gastrointestinal Cancers • Gynecologic Cancers • Breast Cancer

  23. Specialized Techniques in Cancer Management • Vascular Techniques in Cancer Management • Isolation Perfusion • Interventional Radiology - Cardiopulmonary- Vascular System - Liver Metastasis - Cholangiocarcinoma - Genitourinary - Musculoskeletal Cancer • Functional Imaging • Molecular Imaging

  24. Role of Endoscopy in Cancer Management • Gastrointestinal Endoscopy • Respiratory Endoscopy

  25. THANK YOU

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