1 / 18

Erik Erikson

Erik Erikson . Like Freud, personality develops in stages Focuses on social experiences across the life span Development of ego identity Conscious sense of self we develop through social interaction. Erikson. Each stage is concerned with being competent in an area Handle well=mastery

denim
Télécharger la présentation

Erik Erikson

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Erik Erikson • Like Freud, personality develops in stages • Focuses on social experiences across the life span • Development of ego identity • Conscious sense of self we develop through social interaction

  2. Erikson • Each stage is concerned with being competent in an area • Handle well=mastery • Handle poorly = inadequacy • Each stage has a conflict that serves as a turning point in development

  3. Erikson • Develop a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality • Potential for growth and failure is high

  4. ERIK ERIKSON • Born in Germany in 1902. • In grammar school, he was teased for being Jewish. • He did not feel comfortable (at a very early age) as a German or a Jew. • This feeling was a basis for his later theory of “identity crisis” • In 1920’s, he met Sigmund Freud’s daughter (Anna) and studied under her in Vienna. • Moved to U.S. in 1933 and taught at Yale, Harvard, and UCal at Berkeley.

  5. Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development • Trust vs. Mistrust • Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt • Initiative vs. Guilt • Industry vs. Inferiority • Identity vs. Confusion • Intimacy vs. Isolation • Generativity vs. Stagnation • Integrity vs. Despair

  6. Infancy and Early Childhood

  7. Trust vs. Mistrust (birth – 1 year) • Fundamental stage • Infants are dependent: need to develop trust • Based on dependability & quality of caregivers • If develops trust: safe and secure • Failure: fear and a belief that the world is inconsistent and unpredictable

  8. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (early childhood) • Focused on children developing a greater sense of personal control • Toilet training was a vital part of process • Learning to control one’s body function leads to sense of control and independence • Control over food, toys, and clothes • Success: secure and confident • Failure: inadequacy and self-doubt • Build self-esteem and autonomy as we gain control • Develop will

  9. Preschool, Middle Childhood, and Adolescence

  10. Initiative vs. Guilt (preschool years) • Children begin to assert their power and control • Play and social interaction • Successful: capable and able to lead others • Failure: sense of guilt, self-doubt, and lack of initiative

  11. Industry vs. Inferiority: (5 to 11) • Through social interactions: sense of pride in accomplishments and abilities • Encouraged and commended by parents and teachers: develop a feeling of competence and belief in their skills • Little or no encouragement from parents, teachers, and peers: doubt ability to succeed • Industry: accomplishing new skills and knowledge

  12. Identity vs. Confusion: 12 to 18 • Exploring independence, developing sense of self • Receive proper encouragement and reinforcement through personal exploration: strong sense of self and a feeling of independence and control • Unsure of beliefs and desires= insecure and confused about themselves and future • Up to this point: development is based upon what is done to us • Here on out is what we do! • Social interaction, moral issues

  13. ADOLESCENCE: 12 to 18 con’t • Our task is to discover who we are as individuals separate from our family of origin and as members of a wider society. • And if we are unsuccessful in navigating this stage, we will experience role confusion and upheaval.

  14. ADOLESCENCE (18-35) • A significant task for us is to establish a philosophy of life and in this process we tend to think in terms of ideals, which are conflict free, rather than reality, which is not. • The problem is that we don't have much experience and find it easy to substitute ideals for experience. However, we can also develop strong devotion to friends and causes. • It is no surprise that our most significant relationships are with peer groups.

  15. Young Adulthood, Middle Age, Old Age

  16. Intimacy vs. Isolation: early adulthood • Seek companions and love • Attempt to find mutually satisfying relationships through marriage and friends • Start a family • Successful: intimacy on a deep level • Failure: isolation and distance from others , if no satisfying relationships our world shrinks

  17. Generativity vs. Stagnation: 35 to 55/65 • Continue to build our lives • Focus on career and family • Success: feel like they are contributing to the world by being active in their home and community • Fail: unproductive and uninvolved, self-absorbed and stagnate • Creative and meaningful work • Children leave home, mid-life crisis, new meanings and purposes

  18. Integrity vs. Despair: 55 to 65 to Death • Much of life is preparing for the middle adulthood stage and the last stage is recovering from it • Reflecting back on life • Perhaps that is because as older adults we can often look back on our lives with happiness and are content, feeling fulfilled with a deep sense that life has meaning and we've made a contribution to life, a feeling Erikson calls integrity. • On the other hand, some adults may reach this stage and despair at their experiences and perceived failures.

More Related